DNA Damage Photoinduced by Titanium Dioxide in the Presence of Anionic Vesicles under UV Illumination: Influence of Sodium Chloride Concentration

Abstract

The DNA damage caused by TiO 2 under in vitro conditions by UV-A exposure in the presence of anionic vesicles of Aerosol OT (AOT) was investigated. The supercoiled form (S) in DNA plasmids was converted to the linear form (L) via the relaxed form (R). The DNA damage was slower in the presence of AOT vesicles prepared in aqueous NaCl solution. Moreover, the presence of AOT vesicles in solution after 6 h of UV irradiation was confirmed with an optical microscope. Probably, a fraction of the DNA was protected by random trapping during sonication. However, the addition of NaCl needed for the vesicle formation can decrease the TiO 2 activity. On the other hand, in the absence of vesicles the NaCl concentration led to a profound influence on the adsorption of DNA onto the TiO 2 surface. During UV irradiation, the degradation rate of DNA increased with increasing the salt concentration.Solutions containing vesicles were prepared at various NaCl concentrations between 10 mM and 75 mM. Consequently, the salt concentration had no significant effect on the DNA damage. The presence of NaCl can play a deleterious role during the photoinduced process. However, the encapsulation of a fraction of DNA is not excluded. In such conditions, the DNA could be protected against the reactive oxygen species.

Associations between environmental factors and incidence of cutaneous melanoma. Review

“…Inorganic sunscreen agents (metal oxides) screen UVA/UVB radiation efficiently, but can also generate harmful reactive oxygen species and radicals when subjected to UVA/UVB radiation [54,55]. …”

Dye Surface Coating Enables Visible Light Activation of TiO2 Nanoparticles Leading to Degradation of Neighboring Biological Structures

“…Considering these factors, we sought to determine the effect of visible light activated ARS-coated TiO 2 nanoparticles on plasmid DNA integrity using a standard agarose gel electrophoresis technique developed by others. According to this assay, nicked (single-stranded DNA break), linear (double-stranded DNA break), and supercoiled (undamaged) plasmid DNA can be distinguished on an agarose gel by viewing differences in mobility (with the nicked plasmid DNA migrating at the slowest rate and supercoiled plasmid DNA migrating at the fastest rate) (Sugden et al, 2004; Arsac & Hidaka, 2007). Samples were prepared that contained plasmid DNA and either (1) dH 2 O, (2) ARS, (3) TiO 2 nanoparticles, or (4) ARS-coated TiO 2 nanoparticles.…”