DNA fingerprinting from single cells

Findlay, Ian; Taylor, Alysha S.; Quirke, Philip; Frazier, R.; Urquhart, Andrew J.

doi:10.1038/39225

Cited by 160 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…In forensic molecular genetic analysis, the use of new, sensitive PCR-Multiplex-Kits suitable also for low copy number DNA testing [1][2][3] as well as sophisticated techniques like single cell laser dissection [4][5][6][7] lead to evaluable DNA profiles even in cases that seemed to be hopeless a few years ago [7]. However, this sensitivity is not only an advantage but also leads to problems like contamination of the DNA evidence by anyone working at a crime scene-from the paramedic to the police officer-or scientists doing the analysis [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Everything clean? Transfer of DNA traces between textiles in the washtub

Kamphausen¹,

Fandel²,

Gutmann

et al. 2015

Int J Legal Med

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Forensic genetic analysis of items possibly handled by a suspect or a victim is frequently inquired by the law enforcement authorities, since DNA left on touched objects can often be linked to an individual. Due to technical improvement, even poor traces, which seemed to be unsuitable for DNA analysis a few years ago, may be amplified successfully today. Yet, DNA can be transferred to a crime scene artificially or unintentionally without any primary contact between the individual and the object found at the crime scene, the so-called secondary transfer or indirect transfer in general. In this study, "secondary transfer" scenarios with cells and DNA of different origins under wet conditions were investigated. Transfer was simulated as either "washing by hand" in a washtub or as "machine laundry" in a washing machine. As expected, major differences were seen between blood stains and epithelial abrasions. DNA from blood donors could be detected clearly both on the donor and on the acceptor textile, regardless of washing method. Regarding epithelial abrasions, simulating worn clothes, after washing by hand, only little residual DNA was found, and partial profiles were displayed on the donor textile, while transfer to the acceptor textile occurred even less and not in noteworthy amount and quality. Single alleles could be found both on donor textiles and acceptor textiles after simulated machine wash, but no reliable DNA profile could be verified after laundry in machine. Therefore, a DNA transfer from one worn cloth (without blood stains) to another textile in the washing machine seems to be extremely unlikely.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Everything clean? Transfer of DNA traces between textiles in the washtub

Kamphausen¹,

Fandel²,

Gutmann

et al. 2015

Int J Legal Med

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“…1) using STR typing with increased cycle numbers in a LT-DNA (LT = low template) typing approach [7][8][9]. DNA quantification yielded highly variable DNA amounts within a wide range from ≤25 pg up to ≥200 pg/μl extract (Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Studymentioning

confidence: 98%

Hot flakes in cold cases

et al. 2011

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In the past, it was almost impossible for forensic scientists to separate DNA from an undefined number of different individuals in mixed stains where, for example, two or more suspects had handled the same weapon. Such samples often contain complex mixtures with the consequence of ambiguous or inconclusive mixed DNA profiles. Using the method described of comprehensive and/or targeted screening of shed cells adhering to tapings of garments or objects enables such stains to be individualized. To evaluate the method, 500 microscopically selected single skin flakes were analyzed using two different commercial STR kits to compare the success rates for each PCR typing system. The method has been validated for use in routine casework and has been shown to be rapid, sensitive, and reproducible. It can be predicted that many cases in the archives with body tapings, which have not yet been examined will benefit from this new or perhaps more appropriate, reanimated, technical development, and of particular importance are serious crimes, the so-called cold cases. The remarkable forensic value of this simple but time-consuming technique is exemplified by 2 out of approximately 100 cases already successfully solved using this approach.

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“…Additionally, one allele can be preferentially amplified over the other due to unequal sampling of polymorphic alleles during the early stages of the PCR reaction [30]. Since an important requirement for accurate quantification is to produce balanced allele peaks, we calculated peak balance ratio at various ratios of adulteration.…”

Section: Peak Balance and Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐throughput multiplex microsatellite marker assay for detection and quantification of adulteration in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa)

2007

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Basmati rice is a very special type of aromatic rice known world-wide for its extra long grains and pleasant and distinct aroma. Traditional Basmati rice cultivars, confined to Indo-Gangetic regions of the Indian subcontinent, are often reported to be adulterated with crossbred Basmati varieties and long-grain non-Basmati varieties in the export market. At present, there is no commercial scale technology to reliably detect adulteration. We report here a CE-based multiplex microsatellite marker assay for detection as well as quantification of adulteration in Basmati rice samples. The single-tube assay multiplexes eight microsatellite loci to generate variety-specific allele profiles that can detect adulteration from 1% upwards. The protocol also incorporates a quantitative-competitive PCR-based analysis for quantification of adulteration. Accuracy of quantification has been shown to be +/-1.5%. The experiments used to develop and validate the methodology are described.

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DNA fingerprinting from single cells

Cited by 160 publications

References 0 publications

Everything clean? Transfer of DNA traces between textiles in the washtub

Everything clean? Transfer of DNA traces between textiles in the washtub

Hot flakes in cold cases

High‐throughput multiplex microsatellite marker assay for detection and quantification of adulteration in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa)

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