With the continuous development of society, people’s demand for meat and milk continues to expand, especially beef and milk consumption. In order to improve the production efficiency of domestic cattle, frozen sperm, artificial fertilization, embryo transfer, and other reproductive technologies have been deeply studied and widely used, but the problem of beef and milk supply has not been fundamentally solved. The quality of oocytes is directly related to fertilization, embryo development, growth of fetal calf before and after birth, and its production performance. A thorough understanding of the mechanism of oocyte development initiation, maturation, and ovulation in domestic cattle will lay a theoretical foundation for us to further improve its production efficiency. This chapter focuses on summarizing and analyzing the recent progress of domestic cattle raising on the above issues and puts forward suggestions and prospects for future related work.