Do Ant-Mediated Multitrophic Interactions Enhance the Fitness of an Aphid-Infested Extrafloral Nectary-Bearing Plant?

Samuel, Joy Nivedita; Rastogi, Neelkamal

doi:10.1007/s40011-021-01312-4

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The position of the target to be located is s 0 = ( x 0, y 0), as shown in formula:

where Ki = xi 2 + yi 2. Due to the existence of square term, the above formula becomes a nonlinear equation [ 4 ]. By making R 02 = x 02 + y 02, the linear equation is as follows:

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ki � xi2 + yi2. Due to the existence of square term, the above formula becomes a nonlinear equation [4]. By making R02 � x02 + y02, the linear equation is as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In “Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Rural Fitness Paths--Taking Z City as an example,” Samuel and Rastogi investigated and studied the construction, use, and management of rural fitness paths by using the research methods of literature, questionnaire, expert interview, and mathematical statistics. It was found that the types of rural fitness paths are relatively perfect and the layout is relative, but there are different degrees of losses, which need to be repaired and updated [ 4 ]. Rural users are mainly middle-aged and elderly people, and most of them exercise in the morning and evening, but they lack professional fitness methods and means.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samuel and Rastogi pointed out in the article “Data Performance of Community Sports” that the core of the development power of modern campus basketball is the continuous injection of capital investment, and the capital investment channels should be diversified. A single national investment will lead to rigid operation mode, loss of flexibility, and reduced system operation efficiency [ 4 ]. The school should ensure the funds for basketball student athletes to participate in basketball activities, provide corresponding material rewards, ensure the activity participation rate of student athletes, and vigorously improve the mass base of school basketball, so as to continuously promote the benign development of campus basketball.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the research of these factors can reveal some superficial reasons for the confusion of teenagers' campus basketball development to a certain extent, it cannot solve the deep-seated contradictions in the development of Chinese campus basketball dynamic, so that the theory appears scattered, fragmented, and not systematic. (4) ere are theoretical research gaps. e existing research on the development power of Chinese campus basketball is rare, and there is no in-depth research on the dynamic mechanism, so there is a large research space in this field.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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[Retracted] Analysis on the Development and Influence of National Fitness Environment on Youth Basketball Coordination and Mental Health

2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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In order to improve the basketball theory and provide theoretical and intellectual support for the scientific, mental health, and sustainable development of basketball, we propose to take the development dynamic mechanism of juvenile basketball as the research object and make a systematic and in-depth study on the dynamic mechanism, the cultivation of Chinese and foreign juvenile basketball reserve talents, and the dynamic dilemma and influencing factors of juvenile campus basketball development by using the methods of literature, questionnaire, and expert interview. A method of cultivating the ring tone of juvenile basketball is proposed. This method is based on Chan algorithm. When the target is close to each base station, the first estimation also needs an initial value to solve the initial solution estimation matrix. The method is also based on multivariate Taylor algorithm, taking into account the measured distance between the targets to be measured, so it will get some useful information, which will improve the positioning accuracy. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the algorithm used in this paper is more than 85%. However, the accuracy of rebounding and passing recognition and prediction is low. The recognition accuracy and prediction accuracy of the test set are slightly lower than that of the effective set, which shows that the performance of the target detection system model in this paper can be further improved through more significant training examples. It is proved that the algorithm based on Taylor ring can meet the needs of teenagers in the basketball coordination and mental health.

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“…The position of the target to be located is s 0 = ( x 0, y 0), as shown in formula:

where Ki = xi 2 + yi 2. Due to the existence of square term, the above formula becomes a nonlinear equation [ 4 ]. By making R 02 = x 02 + y 02, the linear equation is as follows:

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where Ki � xi2 + yi2. Due to the existence of square term, the above formula becomes a nonlinear equation [4]. By making R02 � x02 + y02, the linear equation is as follows:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

[Retracted] Analysis on the Development and Influence of National Fitness Environment on Youth Basketball Coordination and Mental Health

2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Behavioural changes in the city: The common black garden ant defends aphids more aggressively in urban environments

Gaber,

Ruland,

Jeschke

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Urbanisation alters biodiversity patterns and threatens to disrupt mutualistic interactions. Aside from pollination, however, little is known about how mutualisms change in cities. Our study aimed to assess how urbanisation affects the protective mutualism between ants and aphids, investigating potential behavioural changes in mutualistic ants and their implications for aphids in urban environments. To do so, we studied the protective mutualism between the pink tansy aphid (Metopeurum fuscoviride) and the black garden ant (Lasius niger) along an urbanisation gradient in Berlin, Germany. In nine locations along this gradient, we measured aphid colony dynamics and proxies for parasitism, quantified the investment of ants in tending aphids and conducted behavioural assays to test the aggressiveness of ant responses to a simulated attack on the aphids. We found that aphid colonies flourished and were equally tended by ants across the urbanisation gradient, with a consistent positive density dependence between aphid and ant numbers. However, ants from more urbanised sites responded more aggressively to the simulated attack. Our findings suggest that this protective mutualism is not only maintained in the city, but that ants might even rely more on it and defend it more aggressively, as other food resources may become scarce and more unpredictable with urbanisation. We thereby provide unique insights into this type of mutualism in the city, further diversifying the growing body of work on mutualisms across urbanisation gradients.

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Plant defence mechanism in honeydew-mediated plant-Hemiptera-ant interactions and ecosystem sustainability: a review

Banerjee,

Barik,

Borges

et al. 2024

Environmental Sustainability

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Do Ant-Mediated Multitrophic Interactions Enhance the Fitness of an Aphid-Infested Extrafloral Nectary-Bearing Plant?

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

[Retracted] Analysis on the Development and Influence of National Fitness Environment on Youth Basketball Coordination and Mental Health

[Retracted] Analysis on the Development and Influence of National Fitness Environment on Youth Basketball Coordination and Mental Health

Behavioural changes in the city: The common black garden ant defends aphids more aggressively in urban environments

Plant defence mechanism in honeydew-mediated plant-Hemiptera-ant interactions and ecosystem sustainability: a review

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