Do CD1-Restricted T Cells Contribute to Antibody-Mediated Immunity againstMycobacterium tuberculosis?

NK T cells provide lipid antigen-specific cognate help for B cells

“…Reduced antibody responses in CD1d Ϫ/Ϫ or J␣18 Ϫ/Ϫ mice compared with WT mice during infection or autoimmune disease (3)(4)(5)11) is also consistent with iNK T cells and B cell cooperation. Naturally occurring IgG antilipid antibodies have been detected during malaria infection (12), systemic lupus erythematosus (13), and diabetes (14), implying that lipid-specific B cells received T cell help for class switching in these models.…”

BCG-infected adherent mononuclear cells release cytokines that regulate group 1 CD1 molecule expression

“…However, increasing evidence is now available showing that resistance to infectious diseases is complemented by non-MHC restricted, antigen-dependent immunity. This allied line of defence is based on T cell subpopulations carrying α/β T cell receptor, able to recognize bacteria-derived non-peptide [4,5], or lipopeptide [6] antigens presented by CD1 molecules [7][8][9][10].…”

Role of Marginal Zone B Lymphocytes in Invariant NKT Cell Activation

“…During infection, it is likely that TLR activation in sentinel cells, such as DC, plays a key role in the indirect activation of iNKT cells (13)(14)(15)(16). A recently described aspect of iNKT cell function is their ability to regulate humoral responses during infection and autoimmune diseases (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Studies performed in the human and mouse systems reported that iNKT cells can help B cells to mature, proliferate, and produce Abs (both IgG and IgE) through a CD1d-dependent mechanism (24 -28).…”