Do Earplugs and Eye Masks Affect Sleep and Delirium Outcomes in the Critically Ill?

Alway, Ann; Halm, Margo A.; Shilhanek, Misti; Pierre, Jeanne St.

doi:10.4037/ajcc2013545

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to observe the efficacy of eye masks and earplugs interventions on sleep quality in critically ill patients. Consistent with previous review studies ( 15 , 16 ) on the effects of eye masks and /or earplug interventions on sleep quality in intensive care patients. The difference is that there was no meta-analysis in this area based on sleep quality assessment tools.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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The Efficacy of Eye Masks and Earplugs Interventions for Sleep Promotion in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Using physical devices such as eye masks and earplugs to improve to the quality of sleep in intensive care units (ICUs) is a very important issue. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of eye masks and earplugs for sleep promotion in critically ill adult patients in the ICU based on various sleep quality assessment tools. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest were systematically retrieved until May 2021. Both randomized and non-randomized experimental and quasi-experimental studies were included if they evaluated the efficacy of eye masks and earplugs interventions on sleep outcomes in critically ill patients. The methodological quality was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool. For the main outcome (sleep quality), a mean difference (MD) and confidence intervals (CIs) of 95% were determined. A total of 2,687 participants from 35 studies met the inclusion criteria. Twenty one studies were included in meta-analysis and 14 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. According to the results based on sleep quality assessment tools; overall scores of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ), eye mask and/or earplug interventions have a positive effect on sleep quality. Based on Verran-Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale (VSHSS), sleep disturbance was significantly lower in the intervention groups. In terms of polysomnography, the use of eye masks and/or earplugs resulted in a significant increase in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, rapid eye movement (REM) time, significant reduction of awaking, and sleep arousals index. The results of the present study suggest that the use of earplugs or eye masks, separately or combined affects sleep improvement in critically ill patients.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=145830, PROSPERO: CRD42020145830.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Several studies found that the use of earplugs and eye masks improved sleep quality ( 13 , 14 ). In addition, two systematic reviews by Alway et al ( 15 ), and Locihova et al ( 16 ), have highlighted benefits of earplugs and eye masks for improving sleep. But so far no meta-analysis has been done in this field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Eye Masks and Earplugs Interventions for Sleep Promotion in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…The pathophysiology of delirium is proposed to be related to sleep disturbances in critically ill patients. Sleep hygiene programs in ICUs improve sleep quality and quantity and can reduce delirium incidence and duration by >50% . Attention disturbances, a core delirium symptom, are among the most important symptoms and a critical item in the diagnostic criteria for delirium based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM‐5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ability of suvorexant to prevent delirium in patients in the intensive care unit: a randomized controlled trial

Azuma

Takaesu

Soeda

et al. 2018

Acute Medicine & Surgery

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AimThere are no effective, tolerable, and established medications for preventing delirium in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). We investigated whether suvorexant was effective in preventing ICU delirium.MethodsThis randomized controlled study evaluated 70 adult patients (age ≥20 years) admitted to the mixed medical ICU of the Tokyo Medical University Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) between May 2015 and February 2017. Patients were randomized using a sealed envelope method to receive either suvorexant (n = 34; 15 mg for elderly patients and 20 mg for younger adults) or conventional treatment (n = 36) for a 7‐day period. The primary outcome was delirium incidence based on the definition in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.ResultsNo significant between‐group differences were observed in the demographic or clinical characteristics. Kaplan−Meier estimates revealed that time to delirium onset was significantly longer in the suvorexant group than in the conventional group (P < 0.05).ConclusionSuvorexant might be effective in preventing delirium in ICU patients.

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“…Alway et al 87 conducted a review of the literature to determine whether earplugs and eye masks affect sleep and delirium in critically ill adults but reported that the results of the studies included in the review were inconclusive.…”

Section: Deliriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights and Advances in Multidisciplinary Critical Care: A Review of Recent Research

Blot

Afonso

Labeau

2014

American Journal of Critical Care

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The intensive care unit is a work environment where superior dedication is pivotal to optimize patients' outcomes. As this demanding commitment is multidisciplinary in nature, it requires special qualities of health care workers and organizations. Thus research in the field covers a broad spectrum of activities necessary to deliver cutting-edge care. However, given the abundance of research articles and education activities available, it is difficult for modern critical care clinicians to keep up with the latest progress and innovations in the field. This article broadly summarizes new developments in multidisciplinary intensive care, providing elementary information about advanced insights in the field by briefly describing selected articles bundled in specific topics. Issues considered include cardiovascular care, monitoring, mechanical ventilation, infection and sepsis, nutrition, education, patient safety, pain assessment and control, delirium, mental health, ethics, and outcomes research.

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Do Earplugs and Eye Masks Affect Sleep and Delirium Outcomes in the Critically Ill?

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

The Efficacy of Eye Masks and Earplugs Interventions for Sleep Promotion in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Efficacy of Eye Masks and Earplugs Interventions for Sleep Promotion in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ability of suvorexant to prevent delirium in patients in the intensive care unit: a randomized controlled trial

Insights and Advances in Multidisciplinary Critical Care: A Review of Recent Research

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