Do fire and flood interact to determine forest islet structure and diversity in a Neotropical wetland?

Rivaben, Rodrigo Cyrino; Pott, Arnildo; Bueno, Marcelo Leandro; Córdova, Milton Omar; Oldeland, Jens; Silva, Rosa Helena da; Damasceno‐Junior, Geraldo Alves

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2021.151874

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These results may be related since the fire in the Pantanal is a structuring process of different physiognomies. In forest formations, which are sensitive to fire, low burning frequencies can maintain the vegetation structure, while high frequencies can lead to biomass reduction, transforming forest environments into environments with savanna structures or favouring monodominance formations (Pivello et al, 2021; Rivaben et al, 2021). On the other hand, for fire‐dependent formations, such as savannas and grassland, low fire frequencies can lead to an encroachment process of tree species, while a high fire frequency can promote the stabilization of these types of plant formations (Manrique‐Pineda et al, 2021; Pivello et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous brigades change the spatial patterns of wildfires, and the influence of climate on fire regimes

Oliveira

Ferreira

Souza

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Indigenous people have been managing fire-prone landscapes for millennia, especially in tropical savannas, thereby maintaining carbon stocks and pyrodiversity and ensuring food security. In some indigenous lands in Brazil, fire brigades are composed of indigenous people, integrating their traditional knowledge in Brazilian fire management policies; however, the effectiveness of their management is largely undocumented. Nevertheless, we need to know the effectiveness of indigenous fire brigades and their influence on fire patterns. 2. Here, we evaluate an 18-year historical series of fire patterns and burn scars, comparing periods with and without indigenous brigade activity, to describe the role of indigenous fire brigades in the Kadiwéu Indigenous Territory. In this Indigenous Territory, fire brigades composed of indigenous people have been instituted, trained and maintained by the National Center of Prevention and Combat of Wildfire (PREVFOGO/IBAMA) since 2009. These brigades are responsible for fire management throughout the Kadiwéu Indigenous Territory using controlled burning, prescribed burning and combating wildfires.3. We found that fire management by the indigenous brigades has reduced fire frequency by 80% in the areas with high fire frequency (over 70% of the analysed time). Management also reduced the size of the area burned by 53% and the influence of climate over the total area burned. According to our models, the area affected by fires is mainly influenced by annual rainfall in the absence of indigenous brigades; in contrast, climatic factors could not explain the variation in the burned area in the period without indigenous brigades.4. Synthesis and applications. The fire management realized by the indigenous brigades can modify the fire regime. These changes in the fire regime can include: changes in spatial patterns, the magnitude of fires and reduction in the influence of climate on fire regimes. Hence, the management carried out by the indigenous brigades can be considered an important tool for fire management. In addition to demonstrating the importance of programs that integrate traditional

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous brigades change the spatial patterns of wildfires, and the influence of climate on fire regimes

Oliveira

Ferreira

Souza

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…Selected species and Sampling. We chose the species Rhamnidium elaeocarpum, due to its high cover value, abundance, and dominance in capões (Rivaben et al, 2021). In addition to occurring in environments with frequent re (Bortolotto et al, 2018), remarkable regrowth is observed after passing the re.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Adaptive Chemical Traits of Rhamnidium elaeocarpum in Response to Fire and Environmental Factors in Pantanal Wetlands

Siqueira

Santos

Júnior

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We conducted a study on the effects of fire on Rhamnidium elaeocarpum, a widely distributed woody species found in the Pantanal wetlands, using LC-MS metabolomics, total phenolic and tannin content analysis, and thermogravimetric behavior. We sampled individuals from four different groups and found that recent fires had no significant impact on the species' phenolic metabolism, except for those specimens whose aerial parts had died during the 2020 megafire, which showed a compound decline due to leaching. The high levels of phenolics in R. elaeocarpum suggest that the species has a biochemical tolerance to the stress caused by seasonal fires. Metabolomic profiling revealed the presence of proanthocyanidin oligomers, which protect against oxidative stress and post-fire environmental disturbances. However, the passage of fire also led to a high incidence of toxic karwinaphthopyranone derivatives, which could be a concern for the species' medicinal use. Finally, the thermogravimetric analysis showed that the species is thermotolerant, with an intrinsic relationship between the secondary compounds and thermotolerance. Our study enhances our understanding of the impact of fire on woody species' metabolism, although distinguishing whether chemical traits are an adaptive feature or a response to surrounding environmental factors is challenging.

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“…One discovery from older studies was the wild Asian rice relative, Oryza coarctata , which grows in vast monodominant stands on regularly flooded coastal mud-flats at the mouth of the Indus River [ 19 ]. The adaptations of wild rice and also Echinochloa stagnina and Saccharum spontaneum probably depend on annual water-depth changes and fire, as suggested for the plant monodominance of the Brazilian Pantanal [ 20 ]. Possibly adapted to fire regimes, there is monodominant wild Sorghum in Africa and ancestors of the first cereals Triticum monococcum subsp.…”

Section: Existence Of Stable Plant Monodominance Under Abiotic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Diversity in Agroecosystems for Pest Management and Food Production

Lenné,

Wood

2024

Plants

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During the past 30 years, there has been a growing belief in and promotion of agroecosystem diversity for pest management and future food production as an agroecological or nature-based approach. Monoculture agriculture, which produces most of our food, is considered to be highly vulnerable to pests in contrast to plant species-diverse agroecosystems which may possess a greater abundance of natural enemies, keeping pest populations under control. In this paper, we question the role of crop diversity for pest management and explore the relationship between crop and associated diversity and pests through the following processes: environmental stresses that favor monodominance; evolutionary adaptations that resist insect herbivores (genetic resistance response); mechanisms of spatial escape from insect herbivores (escape response); and the role of crop-associated biodiversity. We present strong evidence that not only questions the high vulnerability of monocultures to pest damage but also supports why monocultures continue to produce most of the world’s food. Reference is made to the importance of targeted plant breeding and the role of trans-continental crop introduction supported by efficient quarantine for pest management. We conclude that—with the exception of irrigated rice—much more research is needed to better understand the role of crop diversity in agroecosystems for pest management and food production.

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Do fire and flood interact to determine forest islet structure and diversity in a Neotropical wetland?

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Indigenous brigades change the spatial patterns of wildfires, and the influence of climate on fire regimes

Indigenous brigades change the spatial patterns of wildfires, and the influence of climate on fire regimes

Unraveling the Adaptive Chemical Traits of Rhamnidium elaeocarpum in Response to Fire and Environmental Factors in Pantanal Wetlands

Crop Diversity in Agroecosystems for Pest Management and Food Production

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