Do I still like myself? Human-robot collaboration entails emotional consequences

Weis, Patrick P.; Herbert, Cornelia

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.107060

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In other words, if two CMs exhibit similar performances, it is likely beneficial to stick with one CM rather than to switch things up. Considerable CM perseveration, sometimes with participants who exhibited no single CM switchsometimes for more than 100 trials-was found with a variety of paradigms (Bourne et al, 2010;Scarampi & Gilbert, 2020;Weis & Herbert, 2022;Weis & Wiese, 2019b, 2019a.…”

Section: Is Self-chosen And/or Cued Perseveration On Specific Cms Ben...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Switching between different cognitive strategies induces switch costs as evidenced by switches between manual and mental object rotation

Weis¹,

Kunde²

2022

Preprint

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Switching between tasks incurs costs when compared to repeating the same task. It is unclear whether switch costs also occur when repeating the same task but switching the under-lying cognitive mechanism (CM). Here, we investigated whether such CM switch costs exist and whether possible CM switch costs impact how frequently participants switch between dif-ferent CMs. Specifically, we asked participants to judge the identity of two misaligned objects by either mental or manual computer-mediated object rotation. While the specific CM (mental or manual) participants should use in a given trial was indicated by a cue in a first phase, it was freely chosen in a second phase. Participants exhibited considerable CM switch costs both for cued and freely chosen switches as indicated by increased reaction time. Moreover, individual switch costs moderately predicted switch frequency in the free choice condition, while an over-all tendency for CM perseveration was clearly observed. We conclude that CM perseveration can be beneficial from a processing time and likely also from a cognitive effort perspective, and that this benefit is among the causes for the often observed tendency to perseverate on one CM when several CMs are available.

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Section: Is Self-chosen And/or Cued Perseveration On Specific Cms Ben...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Switching between different cognitive strategies induces switch costs as evidenced by switches between manual and mental object rotation

Weis¹,

Kunde²

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Such bimodal strategy use has been found in situations with no prior experience with either strategy, which indicates some sort of reluctance to explore performance of the respective other strategy (Fig. 1 a; Weis & Herbert, 2022 ). However, even if participants had extensive experience only with an internal strategy, strong perseveration was found (Fig.…”

Section: ‬Perseveration: Problem Solvers Rarely MIX Internal and Exte...mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Perseveration is reflected by bimodal distributions in the present figures. Data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, 2022 ), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, 2019a ), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c–f; Scarampi & Gilbert, 2020 ), and from an object rotation task with mental rotation or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; Weis & Kunde, 2022 ). Dashed gray lines represent means with the p -value of one-sample t -tests testing against μ = 50% attached.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perseveration on cognitive strategies

Weis,

Kunde

2023

Mem Cogn

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To acquire and process information, performers can frequently rely on both internal and extended cognitive strategies. However, after becoming acquainted with two strategies, performers in previous studies exhibited a pronounced behavioral preference for just one strategy, which we refer to as perseveration. What is the origin of such perseveration? Previous research suggests that a prime reason for cognitive strategy choice is performance: Perseveration could reflect the preference for a superior strategy as determined by accurately monitoring each strategy’s performance. However, following our preregistered hypotheses, we conjectured that perseveration persisted even if the available strategies featured similar performances. Such persisting perseveration could be reasonable if costs related to decision making, performance monitoring, and strategy switching would be additionally taken into account on top of isolated strategy performances. Here, we used a calibration procedure to equalize performances of strategies as far as possible and tested whether perseveration persisted. In Experiment 1, performance adjustment of strategies succeeded in equating accuracy but not speed. Many participants perseverated on the faster strategy. In Experiment 2, calibration succeeded regarding both accuracy and speed. No substantial perseveration was detected, and residual perseveration was conceivably related to metacognitive performance evaluations. We conclude that perseveration on cognitive strategies is frequently rooted in performance: Performers willingly use multiple strategies for the same task if performance differences appear sufficiently small. Surprisingly, other possible reasons for perseveration like effort or switch cost avoidance, mental challenge seeking, satisficing, or episodic retrieval of previous stimulus-strategy-bindings, were less relevant in the present study.

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“…Group-wise, this leads to a bimodal distribution with peaks at low and high eCM use proportion or a unimodal distribution with peaks at low or high eCM use proportion (compare Figure 1). Such bimodal CM use distributions have been found in situations with no prior experience with neither eCM nor iCM (Figure 1a; Weis & Herbert, 2022), which illustrates some sort of indifference with respect to exploring the other CM's performance. However, even if participants had extensive experience only with an iCM, strong perseveration was found (Figure 1b; Weis & Wiese, 2019a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Such perseverations on one of both mechanisms are reflected by a bimodal distribution. In particular, data was obtained from joint arithmetic and social problem solving with a telepresent agent (a; Weis & Herbert, 2022), from solving alphanumeric problems with or without help from a computer (b; Weis & Wiese, 2019a), from intention offloading with or without spatial manipulation on a computer screen (c-f Scarampi & Gilbert, 2020), and from an object rotation task with mental or manual computer-mediated rotation (g; ` Weis & Kunde, 2022). Dashed gray lines represent means.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Perseveration on Cognitive Strategies

Weis¹,

Kunde²

2023

Preprint

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Humans rely on internal and extended cognitive mechanisms (CMs) to solve problems. After practice with an internal and an extended CM, previous studies showed that many humans strongly prefer one CM and use it in more than 90% of problem encounters (i.e., perseveration). One underlying cause might be strong preference for the CM that comes with superior performance. Here, we minimized performance differences between CMs and observed whether perseveration persists. Specifically, participants engaged in an object comparison task that could be solved via one of two CMs: mental or manual rotation. Crucially, before being able to choose between CMs, participants engaged in calibration trials to align accuracy and speed of both CMs. In Experiment 1, calibration succeeded only regarding accuracy but not speed. Many participants perseverated on the faster CM. In Experiment 2, calibration succeeded regarding both accuracy and speed. No substantial perseveration was detected by preregistered analyses. We conclude that CM perseveration is frequently rooted in performance differences between CMs. Thus, humans seem willing to use multiple CMs for the same task if performance differences between CMs are sufficiently small. Other possible reasons for CM perseveration like effort or switch cost avoidance, mental challenge seeking, satisficing, or episodic retrieval of previous stimulus-CM-bindings were less relevant in the present study. Instead, metacognitive performance evaluations were explored as reason for perseveration beyond actual performance. From an applied perspective, results are relevant for users and designers of cognitive environments in which multiple CMs can be used to solve the same task.

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Do I still like myself? Human-robot collaboration entails emotional consequences

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Switching between different cognitive strategies induces switch costs as evidenced by switches between manual and mental object rotation

Switching between different cognitive strategies induces switch costs as evidenced by switches between manual and mental object rotation

Perseveration on cognitive strategies

Perseveration on Cognitive Strategies

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