“…The characteristics of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) accounting enforcement targets have been explored in recent research (Beasley, Carcello, Hermanson, & Neal, ; Cao, Leng, Feroz, & Davalos, ; Dechow, Hutton, Kim, & Sloan, ; Files, Sharp, & Thompson, ; Karpoff, Lee, & Martin, ; Leng, Feroz, Cao, & Davalos, ; Lo, Ramos, & Rogo, ; Minhas & Hussain, ). However, there was a need for further contributions to works covering existing theories of financial disclosure by investigating managers' use of linguistic features in their corporate communications (El‐Haj, Rayson, Walker, Young, & Simaki, ; Robinson & Lokanan, ; Rutherford, ) and considering the specific topics being disclosed (Ajina, Laouiti, & Msolli, ; Dyer, Lang, & Stice‐Lawrence, ; Merkley, ). Absent from the IM research was an exploration of managers' disclosures concerning regulatory enforcement investigations.…”