Do prenatal and postnatal hypothyroidism affect the craniofacial structure?: An experimental study

Cesur, Mine Geçgelen; Cesur, Gökhan; Ogrenim, M; Alkan, Afra

doi:10.2319/080315-521.1

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…Not many authors have researched scull and jaw growth in rats 16,17,18 , although in examining the adverse effects on rat's head and jaw growth many authors also recorded values from control, untreated groups 19,20,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rat’s tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible

Milosavljević

Krstić

2021

VOJNOSANIT PREGL

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Background/Aim. The reaction of an organism to radiation depends on the level of irradiation and the sensitivity of the affected tissue cells. The biological effects on the cells and tissues are proportional to the absorbed radiation energy. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of hypofunction of the pituitary gland, previously irradiated with x-rays, on the growth of rat?s craniofacial and stomatognathic system as well as rat?s tibia. Methods. A total dose of x-rays of 27.92 Gy was applied in eight sessions in the period from 8 to 63 days of animal age on their heads and the effects of irradiation-induced hypofunction of the pituitary gland on the growth of rat?s craniofacial and stomatognathic system and tibia were examined. In order to differentiate the effects of the irradiated pituitary gland from the direct effects of x-rays on the head, the experiment was set as a double study. One group of animals had the pituitary gland protected with a lead plate set beneath the projection of the gland, while the second group was irradiated with the same dose, but without the protection. The control group of animals were non-irradiated. Results. Growth measurements of numerous parameters of the craniofacial and stomatognathic system as well as tibia in rats with the entire locally irradiated head showed a statistically significant delay, compared to both the non-irradiated control group and the group with the protected pituitary gland. Conclusion. The damage of the stomatognathic and craniofacial system was greater in animals with irradiated head without pituitary gland protection compared to those with the gland protection whereby the growth of the craniofacial system was most affected. Irraduition-induced pituitary gland hypofunction and irradiation itself showed a stronger effect on the lower jaw growth rate impairment compared to the upper jaw. Similarly, the delay in tibia growth was more pronounced in animals without pituitary gland protection during irradiation of their heads compared to non-protected ones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rat’s tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible

Milosavljević

Krstić

2021

VOJNOSANIT PREGL

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Role of thyroid hormones in craniofacial development

2020

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Effect of experimentally induced hypothyroidism during gestation period on activity dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) in newborn rat brain tissue

Cesur

Eren

et al. 2018

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of prenatal hypothyroidism on neonatal rats by the way of activity-dependent neuroprotective factor (ADNF) expression. Methods Twenty-one Wistar albino neonatal rats were divided into two subgroups; a control group and neonatal rats with experimental maternal hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was induced by using propylthiouracil (PTU). Neonatal rats obtained PTU from breast milk continuously for 1 week after birth. The rats from the control group were fed only normal feed and water. After birth, body weight and blood thyroid hormone levels were tested. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Slug, Numb, Notch-1 and ADNF antibodies were used for immunohistochemical analysis. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting analyses were used to evaluate ADNF gene expression levels from 1-week-old rat’s brain. Results There was no difference between the two groups for birth weights. The thyroxine (T4) level from the experimental group was <0.4 ng/mL, and it was 0.8 ng/mL for the control group. It was shown that, the results from the experimental group samples had significantly lower ADNF mRNA levels than control group (p < 0.05). The increase from GFAP and Numb expression and decrease from Slug expression were shown in the experimental group. Local differences were identified for ADNF and a decrease was shown in both sides of brain. There was no difference for Notch-1 expression for both groups. Conclusion In this study, decreasing ADNF expression might contribute to developing neurological problems in congenital hypothyroidism.

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Do prenatal and postnatal hypothyroidism affect the craniofacial structure?: An experimental study

Abstract: Sagittal and transverse measurements showed that untreated HT has detrimental effects on the growth of the maxilla and mandible.

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rat’s tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible

The effects of experimentally irradiated pituitary gland on the growth of rat’s tibia, skull, maxilla and mandible

Role of thyroid hormones in craniofacial development

Effect of experimentally induced hypothyroidism during gestation period on activity dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) in newborn rat brain tissue

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