Do Water and Nitrogen Management Practices Impact Grain Quality in Maize?

Correndo, Adrián A.; Fernández, Javier A.; Prasad, P. V. Vara; Ciampitti, Ignacio A.

doi:10.3390/agronomy11091851

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…In maize, effective nitrogen application improves quality characteristics such as grain protein content (Amanullah et al, 2009) and affects grain protein concentration more consistently, with a large effect size for protein as N fertilizer levels rise (Correndo et al, 2021). However, the low and high N dose rates can also affect the quality of maize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nitrogen fertilisation on yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.)

Omar

Ghani

Khaeim

et al. 2022

AAlim

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Nitrogen (N) is one of the most essential nutrients affecting the yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.). A field experiment was conducted at the experimental plot of the Department of Agronomy, The Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary, to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilisation on the yield and quality of maize. The experimental site included four observation plots with a net of 2 × 5 m size. Four N levels of T1, T2, T3, and T4 were sprayed at indicated plants in four replications according to treatment viz. 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha−1. Nitrogen application in general does not significantly affect maize yield, its components, or grain quality. However, out of the four N treatments, the optimal N application between 50–100 kg N ha−1 potentially increased the yield, also the total expression of protein and starch contents in maize can be achieved with the right amount of N fertiliser, indicating that the treatment could produce a high grain yield as well as high protein and starch contents. Good N fertilising practice will boost the maize's nutritional value and make it more significant in the agriculture in the future. In addition, more research and assessment are essential to acquire the most benefit from the effect of optimal N application on maize yield and quality, and the findings could be beneficial to researchers and growers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nitrogen fertilisation on yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.)

Omar

Ghani

Khaeim

et al. 2022

AAlim

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“…This result demonstrates a greater flux of NO 3 − in the soil-plant profile during this period in NI + NFM treatment. Meta-analysis of Correndo et al (2021) revealed that N fertilization not only increased grain yield but also grain protein content. The adequate proportion, quantity, and timing of soil available NO 3 − that influence maize production and grain protein content should be followed up in future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intended and unintended impacts of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms and microbial inhibitors on nitrogen losses in contrasting maize cropping systems

et al. 2023

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Efforts to mitigate the nitrogen (N) footprint of maize production include using N‐fixing microbes (NFM) and/or microbial inhibitors. We quantified the effects of NFM, the nitrification inhibitor (NI) 2‐(N‐3,4‐dimethyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl) succinic acid isomeric mixture, and the urease inhibitor (UI) N‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, each applied by itself or paired with another additive, on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, nitrate (NO3−) leaching, and crop performance in contrasting irrigated and rainfed maize systems over two growing seasons. We also used published emission factors to estimate indirect N2O emissions from leached NO3− that can be converted to N2O. Agronomic effects were relatively small; the NI + NFM treatment increased N use efficiency and grain yield and protein content in some cases by 11%–14% relative to a treatment receiving only urea. Most of the additive treatments reduced direct (in‐field) N2O emissions, most consistently for treatments that contained NI which reduced emissions by 24%–77%. However, these beneficial effects were counteracted by increased NO3− leaching, which occurred most consistently with UI or NFM applied as single additives or with NI. In these treatments, NO3− leaching increased during at least one growing season, and at both sites, by factors of 2–7. In three site‐years, increased NO3− leaching with NFM and NI + NFM offset large reductions in direct N2O, such that total direct + indirect N2O emissions were not different from that in the urea only treatment. These unintended effects may have resulted from unfavorable rainfall timing, varying crop N demand, and declining additive effectiveness. Use of these soil additives requires caution and further study.

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“…However, to scavenge the accumulation of these ROS, the plant starts to produce several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants including peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), carotenoids, polyphenols, glutathione and ascorbate ( Shafiq, Akram & Ashraf, 2019 ). Maize yield, oil and starch contents percentage were reported to be reduced under water stress conditions however the protein contents were getting increased ( Correndo et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of maize hybrids to water stress conditions at different developmental stages: accumulation of reactive oxygen species, activity of enzymatic antioxidants and degradation in kernel quality traits

Yousaf

Riaz

Shehzad

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Sustainable maize production under changing climatic conditions, especially heat and water stress conditions is one of the key challenges that need to be addressed immediately. The current field study was designed to evaluate the impact of water stress on morpho-physiological, biochemical, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant activity and kernel quality traits at different plant growth stages in maize hybrids. Four indigenous i.e., YH-5427, YH-5482, YH-5395, JPL-1908, and one multinational maize hybrid i.e., NK-8441 (Syngenta Seeds) were used for the study. Four stress treatments (i) Control (ii) 3-week water stress at pre-flowering stage (iii) 3-week water stress at anthesis stage (iv) 3-week water stress at grain filling/post-anthesis stage. The presence of significant oxidative stress was revealed by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROXs) i.e., H2O2 (1.9 to 5.8 µmole g−1 FW) and malondialdehyde (120.5 to 169.0 nmole g−1 FW) leading to severe negative impacts on kernel yield. Moreover, a severe reduction in photosynthetic ability (50.6%, from 34.0 to 16.8 µmole m−2 s−1), lower transpirational rate (31.3%, from 3.2 to 2.2 mmol m−2 s−1), alterations in plant anatomy, reduced pigments stability, and deterioration of kernel quality was attributed to water stress. Water stress affected all the three studied growth stages, the pre-flowering stage being the most vulnerable while the post-anthesis stage was the least affected stage to drought stress. Antioxidant activity was observed to increase under all stress conditions in all maize hybrids, however, the highest antioxidant activity was recorded at the anthesis stage and in maize hybrids YH-5427 i.e., T-SOD activity was increased by 61.3% from 37.5 U mg−1 pro to 60.5 U mg−1 pro while CAT activity was maximum under water stress conditions 8.3 U mg−1 pro as compared to 10.3 U mg−1 pro under control (19.3%). The overall performance of maize hybrid YH-5427 was much more promising than other hybrids, attributed to its higher photosynthetic activity, and better antioxidant defense mechanism. Therefore, this hybrid could be recommended for cultivation in drought-prone areas.

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Do Water and Nitrogen Management Practices Impact Grain Quality in Maize?

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

The effect of nitrogen fertilisation on yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.)

The effect of nitrogen fertilisation on yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.)

Intended and unintended impacts of nitrogen‐fixing microorganisms and microbial inhibitors on nitrogen losses in contrasting maize cropping systems

Responses of maize hybrids to water stress conditions at different developmental stages: accumulation of reactive oxygen species, activity of enzymatic antioxidants and degradation in kernel quality traits

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