Dock10, a novel CZH protein selectively induced by interleukin-4 in human B lymphocytes

Regulation of dendrite growth by the Cdc42 activator Zizimin1/Dock9 in hippocampal neurons

“…In cultured hippocampal neurons, Dock4 promotes dendrite branching, and Dock7 is involved in axon formation, both of which specifically activate Rac1 (Watabe-Uchida et al, 2006;Ueda et al, 2008). The Zizimin subfamily consists of three proteins (Zizimin1, Zizimin2, and Zizimin3) in mammals, and Northern blot analysis showed that Zizimin1 and Zizimin3 are expressed in the brain (Meller et al, 2002;Yelo et al, 2008). Interestingly, our results show that Zizimin1 and Zizimin3 clearly differ in their distribution in the hippocampus.…”

“…Members of the zizimin subfamily, characterized by a Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of their N-terminal region, are specific GEFs for Cdc42 (Meller et al, 2002;Nishikimi et al, 2005). They are distributed in various tissues, and Zizimin1 and Zizimin3 are expressed in brain (Meller et al, 2002;Yelo et al, 2008). However, the physiological functions of zizimin subfamily members are totally unknown.…”

Increased expression of dedicator-cytokinesis-10, caspase-2 and Synaptotagmin-like 2 is associated with clinical disease activity in multiple sclerosis

“…DOCK10 is a member of the dedicator of cytokinesis family, which acts as activator of the Rho family of small GTPases and mediates signaling by G-protein receptors, cytokine receptors (protein-kinases), integrins and cadherins [28]. Dock10 is mainly expressed in lymphocytes, and it is activated by the IL-4 and Rho pathways [28], exhibiting differential splicing between T and B cells [29]. Statins modulate the activity of Rho GTPases, which contributes to the induction of the Th2 phenotype and ameliorates disease severity in an animal model of MS [30].…”

Lessons from Genomic Profiling in AS

“…Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), the PTPN1 protein product, is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme shown to negatively regulate multiple tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent signalling pathways, including the downstream processes involved in C-type lectin receptor activation (Majeed et al, 2001;Long, 1999) and IL4 signalling (Lu et al, 2008). Dock10 is also regulated by IL4 in B cells (Yelo et al, 2008). This is of particular interest as IL4 may play a role in AS pathogenesis.…”