Doctoral Graduate Programs in the Pharmaceutical Sciences: An International Survey

Morris, Marilyn E.; Ren, Tianjing; Asare–Nkansah, Samuel; Bilensoy, Erem; Gatwood, Justin; Giolito, Maria Virginia; Nicolazzo, Joseph A.; Zuo, Zhong; Pauletti, Giovanni M.

doi:10.1016/j.xphs.2022.07.001

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Further, with the inclusion of international data, female professors in pharmaceutical sciences are reported to be approximately 50% across Asia, North America, Europe, Africa, and Australia. 4 This is slightly higher than for general science and engineering (STEM), which is reported to be approximately 40% across the EU for women. 7 Even if it is assumed that most last authored manuscripts are produced when a professor is an associate or full professor, the average percentage of these two positions is 35.5% in the United States and greater than that internationally, which equates to a greater than 8.5% gap in gender for the last author percentage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, the average last authorship (27.41 ± 8.31) is well below what is observed for women professors at most levels across these fields in the United States (Table ). Further, with the inclusion of international data, female professors in pharmaceutical sciences are reported to be approximately 50% across Asia, North America, Europe, Africa, and Australia . This is slightly higher than for general science and engineering (STEM), which is reported to be approximately 40% across the EU for women .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This data indicated that approximately 38% of graduates in fields that include drug delivery are female, which is within the range of what is observed here with the average first authorship (40.80 ± 8.31%); however, this does not consider international data when the journals selected include international authors. Recent surveys of international pharmaceutical science (Asia, North America, Europe, Africa, and Australia) and engineering (European Union (EU)) graduate students indicated that female graduate students represent about 50% of the students across the locations surveyed. , Although additional data is needed to draw significant conclusions, female first author publication rates in drug delivery are within the range or slightly lower than female PhD graduate students graduating in related fields.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent surveys of international pharmaceutical science (Asia, North America, Europe, Africa, and Australia) and engineering (European Union (EU)) graduate students indicated that female graduate students represent about 50% of the students across the locations surveyed. 4 , 5 Although additional data is needed to draw significant conclusions, female first author publication rates in drug delivery are within the range or slightly lower than female PhD graduate students graduating in related fields.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Female and Male First and Last Authorship across Drug Delivery Related Journals with Respect to Year and Journal Impact Factor

McLaughlin,

Bachelder,

Ainslie

2023

Mol. Pharmaceutics

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First and last authorship are important metrics of productivity and scholarly success for trainees and professors. For 11 drug delivery-related journals in 2021, the percentage of female first (39.5%) and last (25.7%) authorship was reported. A strong negative correlation, with female first (r p = −0.73) and female last authorship (r p = −0.66), was observed with respect to journal impact factor. In contrast, there was a strong positive correlation with male first and last authorship (r p = 0.71). Papers were ∼1.5 times more likely to have a male first author, and ∼3 times more likely to have a male last author, than females. A female was 22% more likely to have first authorship if the last author was female, although there is an ∼1% increase per year in female authorship with male last authorship, which equates to equality in first authorship by 2044. Considering that drug delivery is composed of engineering, chemistry, and pharmaceutical science disciplines, the observed 25.7% female last authorship does not represent the approximately 35.5% to 50% of professors that are female in these disciplines, internationally. Overall, female authorship in drug delivery-related journals should improve to better represent the work of female senior authors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations