Doenças da cavidade nasal em pequenos ruminantes no Distrito Federal e no Estado de Goiás

Abstract

showed mycotic or oomicotic granulomatous rhinitis and 22 animals (22/538, 4.08%) presented oestrosis diagnosis, affecting 86.36% of sheep and 13.64% of goats. The pyogranulomatous rhinitis in sheep occurred in flooded areas with abundant plant material decomposing. Rhinofacial pythiosis infection in animals showed as major changes swelling in the nasal region due to extensive granulomatous lesions associated with tissue necrosis, characterized by numerous macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells surrounding necrotic centers containing the agent surrounded by Splendore-Hoeppli reaction. Sheep with conidiobolomycosis showed extensive areas of necrosis and pyogranulomatous inflammation associated with fungal hyphae, localized in the nasopharynx and also in peribulbar region and exophthalmia. Most animals with oestrosis showed no significant clinical and pathological changes, even with the presence of larvae mainly in the sinuses and nasal turbinates, trachea and paranasal sinus. The importance of such diseases is still unknown in the region, and the knowledge of the clinical-pathological and epidemiological conditions is of great relevance for the diagnosis, control and prevention to avoid the expansion and losses to livestock.

Prevalence of Oestrus ovis (Diptera: Oestridae) in sheep from Ituiutaba, south-east region of Brazil

“…In this study, 38.6% of the sheep hemiheads assessed have shown to be positive for oestrosis, a percentage above the 4.1% reported in the Federal District and in the State of Goiás-Brazil (19) , the 13.7% of the central region of the State of São Paulo-Brazil (13) , the 16.9% of the micro-region of Umuarama in the State of Paraná-Brazil (14) , the 19% in Quito-Ecuador (20) , and the 27.3% of the South-East region of Spain (21) ; albeit below the 40.6% found in the Province of Kars-Turkey (10) , the 46% in the Majorca Island-Spain (22) , the 50% in Botucatu-Brazil (12) , the 53.5% in Abu Arish-Saudi Arabia (23) , the 55.8% in Sicily-Italy (24) , the 60.9% during summer in the South region of Chile (25) , the 69.8% in Ambo-Ethiopia (26) , the 84.2% in the North-East region of Spain (27) , the 91% in Sardinia-Italy (28) , and the 92.1% in La Paz-Bolivia (29) .…”

“…Apart from all that has been exposed, outbreaks are also reported in the State of Mato Grosso (19) , in the North-East region (8) , and in the City of Araxá, Minas Gerais (14) , all within Brazilian borders, but with no detailed description on account of the percentage of animals infested and the intensity or stage of the larvae collected. Notwithstanding that, in combination with the other reports, it becomes evident that Brazil stands as a country with favorable climatic characteristics for an efficient progression of Oestrus ovis, regardless of its cyclic phase, and therefore, maybe the larvae do not need to enter a condition of hypobiosis, which would justify the absence of calcification and the low number of L1 in a scenario of constant and rapid development.…”

“…According to Barroso et al (21) , the major part of the larvae studied by him were found in the horn septa, also located in small quantities throughout the maxillary sinus, olfactory area, and the frontal and the post-orbital septa. Yet, Mustafa et al (19) report a higher incidence for the nasal concha and septa, the trachea, and the paranasal sinus, followed by the horn septum, the ethmoid conchae, the choana, the oral cavity, and the oropharynx, while Carvalho et al (30) mention only the nasal cavity and the frontal sinus as regions of collection. Supplementary information to the position of the larvae is provided by different researchers, in accordance with the stage of development observed.…”

Global Distribution and Clinical Features of Pythiosis in Humans and Animals

“…Animals with pythiosis predominantly manifested with a cutaneous/subcutaneous infection at the face, limb, thorax, or abdomen (n = 3082; 89.8% of all affected animals; Table 3) [138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149]. To a much lesser extent, some affected animals (n = 350; 10.2%) came with clinical manifestations associated with gastrointestinal (n = 249; 7.3%), disseminated (n = 25; 0.7%), pulmonary (n = 4; 0.1%), or other organ (n = 5; 0.1%) infection (Table 3).…”

Doenças da cavidade nasal de ruminantes

“…As lesões macroscópicas observadas na cavidade nasal caracterizam-se por extensas áreas de necrose tecidual, com coloração variando de avermelhada a marrom amarelada, friáveis e fétidas. Na pitiose rinofacial essas lesões podem estender-se da região mucocutânea para o interior da cavidade nasal e em alguns 16,22,59 casos estão associadas a perda de tecido ósseo nasal (Figura 9A) e tecido ósseo do palato, com substituição por massa necrótica, ocasionando as fístulas oronasais (Figura 9B). Linfonodos submandibulares e parotídeos estão quase sempre envolvidos e, ocasionalmente, granulomas são observados nos pulmões e glândulas paró- 22,43,59 tidas .…”