Does critical velocity represent the maximal lactate steady state in youth swimmers?

Machado, Marcus Vinícius Ribeiro; Borges, Juliana Pereira; Galdino, I.S.; Cunha, Leandro Alves da; Filho, Alberto Souza de Sá; Soares, D.C.; Andries, Orival

doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2018.09.010

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…From the 36 studies, 31 were peer reviewed (26,28,34,37–39,47,48,61,70,71,78,83,85,86,90,91,98,102–104,107,109,110,112,117,119,120,123–125) and 5 were “gray literature” including 1 conference abstract (45) and 4 thesis or dissertations or monographs (15,32,64,121). Studies' main characteristics regarding MLSS and CP testing protocols and the observed study-level effect sizes (trueμ^CP−MLSS and trueσ^CP−MLSS) are shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agreement Between Maximal Lactate Steady State and Critical Power in Different Sports: A Systematic Review and Bayesian’s Meta-Regression

Borszcz,

de Aguiar,

Costa

et al. 2024

Journal of Strength &Amp; Conditioning Research

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Borszcz, FK, de Aguiar, RA, Costa, VP, Denadai, BS, and de Lucas, RD. Agreement between maximal lactate steady state and critical power in different sports: A systematic review and Bayesian's meta-regression. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): e320–e339, 2024—This study aimed to systematically review the literature and perform a meta-regression to determine the level of agreement between maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and critical power (CP). Considered eligible to include were peer-reviewed and “gray literature” studies in English, Spanish, and Portuguese languages in cyclical exercises. The last search was made on March 24, 2022, on PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Google Scholar. The study's quality was evaluated using 4 criteria adapted from the COSMIN tool. The level of agreement was examined by 2 separate meta-regressions modeled under Bayesian’s methods, the first for the mean differences and the second for the SD of differences. The searches yielded 455 studies, of which 36 studies were included. Quality scale revealed detailed methods and small samples used and that some studies lacked inclusion/exclusion criteria reporting. For MLSS and CP comparison, likely (i.e., coefficients with high probabilities) covariates that change the mean difference were the MLSS time frame and delta criteria of blood lactate concentration, MLSS number and duration of pauses, CP longest predictive trial duration, CP type of predictive trials, CP model fitting parameters, and exercise modality. Covariates for SD of the differences were the subject's maximal oxygen uptake, CP's longest predictive trial duration, and exercise modality. Traditional MLSS protocol and CP from 2- to 15-minute trials do not reflect equivalent exercise intensity levels; the proximity between MLSS and CP measures can differ depending on test design, and both MLSS and CP have inherent limitations. Therefore, comparisons between them should always consider these aspects.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agreement Between Maximal Lactate Steady State and Critical Power in Different Sports: A Systematic Review and Bayesian’s Meta-Regression

Borszcz,

de Aguiar,

Costa

et al. 2024

Journal of Strength &Amp; Conditioning Research

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“…Some examples are studies with twelve adult middle-distance and long-distance male swimmers which found a MLSSv of 1.22 ± 0.05 m∙s −1 [ 6 ], with ten male swimmers and a MLSSv of 1.17 ± 0.11 m∙s −1 [ 21 ] and with seventeen long-distance swimmers with a MLSSv of 1.09 ± 0.14 m∙s −1 [ 9 ]. More recently, evaluating twenty well-trained competitive swimmers MLSSv was determined at 1.29 ± 0.05 m∙s −1 [ 22 ] and Nikitakis et al [ 23 ] observed that MLSSv was higher in adolescents compared to children (1.297 ± 0.056 m∙s −1 vs. 1.083 ± 0.065 m∙s −1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can an Incremental Step Test Be Used for Maximal Lactate Steady State Determination in Swimming? Clues for Practice

Espada

Alves

Curto

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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We aimed to compare the velocity, physiological responses, and stroke mechanics between the lactate parameters determined in an incremental step test (IST) and maximal lactate steady state (MLSS). Fourteen well-trained male swimmers (16.8 ± 2.8 years) were timed for 400 m and 200 m (T200). Afterwards, a 7 × 200-m front-crawl IST was performed. Swimming velocity, heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLC), stroke mechanics, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured throughout the IST and in the 30-min continuous test (CT) bouts for MLSS determination. Swimming velocities at lactate threshold determined with log-log methodology (1.34 ± 0.06 m∙s−1) and Dmax methodology (1.40 ± 0.06 m∙s−1); and also, the velocity at BLC of 4 mmol∙L−1 (1.36 ± 0.07) were not significantly different from MLSSv, however, Bland–Altman analysis showed wide limits of agreement and the concordance correlation coefficient showed poor strength of agreement between the aforementioned parameters which precludes their interchangeable use. Stroke mechanics, HR, RPE, and BLC in MLSSv were not significantly different from the fourth repetition of IST (85% of T200), which by itself can provide useful support to daily practice of well-trained swimmers. Nevertheless, the determination of MLSSv, based on a CT, remains more accurate for exercise evaluation and prescription.

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Critical power as a fatigue threshold in sports: A scoping review

2022

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Does critical velocity represent the maximal lactate steady state in youth swimmers?

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Agreement Between Maximal Lactate Steady State and Critical Power in Different Sports: A Systematic Review and Bayesian’s Meta-Regression

Agreement Between Maximal Lactate Steady State and Critical Power in Different Sports: A Systematic Review and Bayesian’s Meta-Regression

Can an Incremental Step Test Be Used for Maximal Lactate Steady State Determination in Swimming? Clues for Practice

Critical power as a fatigue threshold in sports: A scoping review

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