Does Curcuma longa root powder have an effect against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats: a protective and curative approach

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate potentially protective and curative effects of Curcuma longa root (turmeric) powder on CCl 4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Turmeric was administered before (preventive effect) or after (curative effect) treatment with CCl 4. Total phenolic and flavonoid levels were 26.35 mg GAE/g and 12.35 mg CE/g, respectively. Using HPLC analysis, turmeric powder was rich in curcumin (62.97%), demethoxycurcumin (20.86%) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (16.17%). Curcuma longa powder showed important in vitro antioxidant activities. Results showed that the activities of aspartate aminotransaminase and alanine aminotransaminase, and the levels of bilirubin and serum lipids were increased in CCl 4-treated animals. However, total protein and albumin levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were decreased. Turmeric administration, before or after CCl 4 treatment, significantly decreased the activities of marker enzymes and lipid levels in serum. Moreover, total protein and albumin contents were restored to nearly normal levels after turmeric administration accompanied with increase of antioxidant enzymes activities.

Hepatoprotective effect of the unsaponifiable matter from olive, linseed and sesame oils against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

“…Hepatocytes showed steatosis and severe cytoplasmic vacuolation (Figure 1b). These results are in accordance with those obtained by Beji et al, (2018).…”

“…This indicates the impairment of the anti-oxidative system due to the CCl 4 treatment. GSH, SOD and CAT represent the defense system against oxidative stress (Beji et al, 2018). Pre-treatment with α-tocopherol at a low dose (10 mg/Kg b.w) as well as the UNSAP of linseed oil did not prevent the GSH depletion induced by CCl 4 .…”

Preclinical Evidence of Curcuma longa and Its Noncurcuminoid Constituents against Hepatobiliary Diseases: A Review

“…In rodent models, oral administration and intraperitoneal injection of CCl 4 increased the levels of the biochemical indicators (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB)) and the hepatosomatic index with hepatic lobular disorganization. C. longa reversed these abnormal measures and improved the histological changes [ 12 – 24 ]. The rhizomes of C. longa lowered the levels of serum AST, ALT, and ALP, hepatosomatic index, and mortality in rats with diethylnitrosamine- (DEN-) induced carcinogenic liver injury [ 25 – 27 ].…”

“…CCl 4 [ 12 – 14 , 16 – 19 , 23 ], DEN [ 25 ], TAA [ 28 ], p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (p-DAB) [ 45 ], and benzopyrene [ 46 ] are the main reagents used to induce intrahepatic oxidative stress in most experiments performed to investigate the antioxidant effects of C. longa . Most of these chemicals are metabolized in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum, and their metabolites lead to protein and lipid peroxidation, depletion of antioxidant enzymes, and triggering of hepatic necrosis by covalently binding with nuclear DNA [ 47 ].…”

“…Additionally, antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and CAT, were upregulated. Its efficacy to remove free radicals and lower lipid peroxidation is comparable to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) [ 12 ] and vitamin C [ 48 ], respectively. Moreover, C. longa lowered the intrahepatic accumulation of lipid peroxides and activated the antioxidant defense system without causing toxicity in normal Wistar rats [ 51 ].…”