Does Exogenous Vitamins Improve the Morphophysiological Condition of Sugarcane Subjected to Water Deficit?

Do vitamins affect the morphophysiology of lettuce in a hydroponic system?

“…This vitamin acts along the energy transfer sites since this compound is part of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) (Kirkland & Meyer-Ficca, 2018). The synergistic effect caused by the joint use of vitamins on the activity of gas exchange (Figure 2) was also verified in sugarcane plants subjected to water stress during the initial phase of development (Ramos et al, 2021) and on development, growth, and fertility of rice spikelets (Vendruscolo et al, 2019). In addition, the protective effect of this combination was also verified in sweet corn plants subjected to irrigation with saline solution, resulting in lower mass losses (Vendruscolo & Seleguini, 2020).…”

“…The increase in gas exchange activities may be related, as observed by Ramos et al (2021), to the increase in stomatal functionality resulting from the application of nicotinamide, the amine form of vitamin B3, and the stomatal density, which was increased from the foliar application of thiamine and the set formed by thiamine and nicotinamide. These increments reflect better stomatal performance, depending on the conditions in which the plants are found (Souza et al, 2010).…”

“…This is because the application of this vitamin results in a priming effect, activating the plant's defense mechanisms against possible stress (Goyer, 2010). In this sense, the application can result in a less efficient process of gas exchange, with slightly lower values of Ci, E, and A, which are directly correlated with the increase in WUE and CEi (Table 2) in response to stomata closure, taking into account the effect of this vitamin on stomatal functionality (Ramos et al, 2021).…”

“…Among the vitamins currently studied for application in production systems, those belonging to the B complex, such as niacin and thiamine, stand out. Its foliar application results in a series of morphophysiological changes, such as increased photosynthetic capacity under stressful conditions (Ramos et al, 2021;Vendruscolo et al, 2022), better development of vegetative and reproductive organs (Colla et al, 2021) and increased levels of photosynthetic pigments (Vendruscolo et al, 2021). Some studies also show an increase in the accumulation of energy and nutrient reserves (Kaya et al, 2015).…”

Morphophysiological and productive changes of onion under vitamin application

“…The higher values of internal CO 2 concentration may result from a lower activity of atmospheric carbon fixation, since there was an inversion between this characteristic and net photosynthesis (Figure 1B), indicating that CO 2 is not being used efficiently, as visualized for the carboxylation efficiency characteristic (Figure 1F). Also, the superiority of vitamins B3 and B1 is a result of the increased stomatal functionality of the plants, raising the gas exchange capacity, even under abiotic stress conditions (RAMOS et al, 2022).…”