Does Nimodipine, a Selective Calcium Channel Blocker, Impair Chondrocyte Proliferation or Damage Extracellular Matrix Structures?

Abstract

Background: The study aimed to investigate the effects of the active ingredient, nimodipine, on chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) structures in cartilage tissue cells. Methods: Chondrocyte cultures were prepared from tissues resected via surgical operations. Nimodipine was then applied to these cultures and molecular analysis was performed. The data obtained were statistically calculated. Results: Both, the results of the (3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay and the fluorescence microscope analysis [a membrane permeability test carried out with acridine orange/ propidium iodide staining (AO/PI)] confirmed that the active ingredient, nimodipine, negatively affects the cell cultures. Conclusion: Nimodipine was reported to suppress cellular proliferation; chondroadherin (CHAD) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression thus decreased by 2.4 and 1.7 times, respectively, at 24 hrs when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, type II collagen (COL2A1) expression was not detected (p<0.05). The risk that a drug prescribed by a clinician in an innocuous manner to treat a patient by relieving the symptoms of a disease may affect the proliferation, differentiation, and viability of other cells and/or tissues at the molecular level, beyond its known side effects or adverse events, should not be forgotten.

The effects of different antihypertensive drugs on pain and joint space width of knee osteoarthritis – A comparative study with data from Osteoarthritis Initiative

“…Kaplan and colleagues demonstrated that Nimodipine impaired chondrocyte proliferation and damaged extracellular matrix structures in vitro. 31 Second, the vasodilating effects of CCBs might be impaired by NSAIDs. Pavlicević and colleagues found that NSAIDs did not significantly change body weight, urinary output, serum creatinine, or serum/urinary electrolyte profile, and they concluded that NSAID's pro‐hypertensive effects seem mainly due to vasoconstriction rather than volume expansion.…”

Dynamic mRNA and miRNA expression of the head during early development in bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)

“…Integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 (ITGA2B:ITGB3) acts as a receptor for multiple proteins, such as fibronectin, prothrombin, and thrombospondin. It is involved in chondrocyte growth and proliferation [ 45 ]. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein changes the expression level of various genes to adapt to cell stimuli from many cytokines and growth factors, including HGF, EGF, BMP2 and IL5 [ 46 ].…”

Toxicity of the acetyl‑para‑aminophenol group of medicines to intact intervertebral disc tissue cells

“…Therefore, the results obtained from assays using animal tissues may diverge from those using human tissues, which may result in misleading outcomes (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)13,14). Commercial cell lines are known to comprise only a single type of cell, and there are no complicated coordination mechanisms in the microenvironment of the cells (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)13,14). They do not have the same genotypic and/or phenotypic characteristics as in the human body; therefore, the results of studies using cell lines may also be misleading (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)13,14).…”

“…Microphotographs of cell structures were obtained ( Fig. 1; second lane), and the images were evaluated using the CytoVision ® v 7.0 (DM6000B; Leica Microsystems GmbH) capture station imaging program (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

“…A notable number of studies have been performed to identify an appropriate treatment procedure for damaged osseous joints, facet joints and intervertebral disc structures, and investigations on the toxicity of drugs in non-degenerative, healthy tissues has gained momentum ( 10 , 11 ).…”