Does parent-child connectedness influence substance use among Bhutanese adolescents: evidence from a national survey?

Abstract

Highlights • Tobacco use was highest, followed by alcohol and marijuana use. • The prevalence of substance use was higher in male than female adolescents. • Parental homework supervision significantly lowered the odds of alcohol and tobacco use. • Parental free-time supervision significantly reduced the odds of alcohol and tobacco use. • No significant association was found between parent-child connectedness and marijuana use. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-024-20404-0.