Does parental exposure to nanoplastics modulate the response of Hediste diversicolor to other contaminants: A case study with arsenic

Biochemical and Behavioural Alterations Induced by Arsenic and Temperature in Hediste diversicolor of Different Growth Stages

“…Previous studies also reported that H . diversicolor increased GSTs activity when exposed to As [ 23 ] and also to other elements, such as soluble Ag [ 104 ] and mercury confirming their detoxification capacity [ 75 ]. The highest GSTs activity in medium and large organisms, when exposed to 0.25 mg/L, may had contributed for the lower As concentrations were observed in polychaetes of this class size exposed at this concentration.…”

“…Though, at 21 °C, only small size organisms have ChE activity compromised when exposed to As 0.25 mg/L at 21 °C. Previous studies demonstrated that H. diversicolor have their ChE activity reduced when exposed to As [ 23 ] and other contaminants, such as polystyrene nanoplastics [ 43 ] and inorganic mercury [ 76 ]. This pattern of negative effects of ChE activity was also observed on Diopatra neapolitana when exposed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes [ 91 ], Donax trunculus exposed to microplastics [ 92 ] and Tegillarca granosa exposed to bisphenol A and microplastics [ 93 ].…”

“…Thus, under stressful conditions, such as exposure to contaminants, is expected to observe an increase in PC levels in exposed organisms, as observed in H . diversicolor exposed to As and polystyrene nanoplastics [ 23 ]. D. neapolitana worms from higher trace elements contaminated areas at Ria de Aveiro, Western Portugal also presented higher PC levels were also observed in Giménez et al [ 109 ].…”

“…Specimens of H . diversicolor were born in the laboratory [ 23 ] and maintained in glass aquaria with artificial seawater (salinity 28 and pH 7.8) and sediment (at a ratio 3:1) in a temperature-controlled room (16 ± 1 °C), under continuous aeration. During this nursery time, organisms were fed ad libitum with commercial fish food every 3/4 day (Protein 46.2%, Fat 8.9%).…”

“…Previous studies observed that As can accumulate in fish tissues that were fed a diet contaminated with metals and As [ 20 , 21 ], affecting their growth [ 21 ] and reproduction [ 20 ]. Other studies have reported the effects of As on important endpoints in polychaetes, such as regenerative capacity, behaviour, antioxidant defences, and oxidative damage [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. These studies demonstrated that polychaetes exposed to As needed more time to fully regenerate and regenerated fewer segments [ 22 , 24 ] and had higher levels of oxidative stress [ 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”