Does Race Matter in Government Funding of Nonprofit Human Service Organizations? The Interaction of Neighborhood Poverty and Race

Garrow, Eve E.

doi:10.1093/jopart/mus061

Cited by 46 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In fact, 19 of the target populations identified in the deviant category are some type of criminal. Many of the remaining target populations identified as deviants are people living in poverty in specific contexts such as African‐Americans (Sidney, ), African‐Americans in Los Angeles (Garrow, ), or immigrants (e.g., Jørgensen, ; Jørgensen & Thomsen, ).…”

Section: Analysis Of Past Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dependents also lack power like deviants but are positively socially constructed. Among the dependents are people living in poverty (Brucker, ; Camou, ; Chanley & Alozie, ; Drew, ; Garrow, ; Guetzkow, ; Hynes & Hayes, ; Soss, ) and those living with AIDS (Donovan, , , ; Hogan, ; Patterson & Keefe, ; Schroedel & Jordan, ). Others that occupy the dependent category include children (Bushouse, ), small businesses (Anglund, , ), and middle class African‐Americans (Sidney, , ).…”

Section: Analysis Of Past Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Social Construction and Policy Design: A Review of Past Applications

Pierce¹,

Siddiki²,

Jones³

et al. 2014

Policy Studies Journal

160

152

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One of the leading theories for understanding the policy process is the theory of social construction and policy design developed by Anne Schneider and Helen Ingram. The theory incorporates the social construction and power of target populations to understand the development and implications of policy design. In order to better understand its empirical breadth, depth, and general utility, our analysis reviews all past publications of the theory, focusing specifically on empirical applications (N = 111), from 1993 to 2013. Based on this review, we find: a recent increase in the number of applications of this theory; that these applications appear across a wide range of outlets, relate to numerous policy domains, and are conducted by a diverse group of domestic and international scholars; that the target population proposition has been applied with greater frequency than the theory's feed-forward proposition; and that scholars have a notable interest in understanding causal mechanisms leading to changes in the positioning of target populations among advantaged, contender, dependent, and deviant target population categories. Following a descriptive review of past publications, we offer specific suggestions for theoretical development and future research.KEY WORDS: public policy, policy process, meta-analysis, literature review, social construction, policy design, feedback IntroductionIn 1999, Paul Sabatier edited a volume entitled Theories of the Policy Process (Sabatier, 1999a). Within this now near canonical tome are emergent theories of the policy process from the previous 15 years deemed by Sabatier to sufficiently adhere to scientific standards at the time. Through this effort, he charted a path forward for future policy process scholarship. Explicitly omitted from the edited volume was the work of what Sabatier termed constructivists. At the time, constructivists were a minority of policy process scholars (e.g., Fischer & Forrester, 1993) that focused on the socially constructed nature of policy as well as reality, in which perceptions and intersubjective meaning-making processes were considered central to understanding and explaining the policy process. Among his criticisms, Sabatier described constructivist methods as "nonfalsifiable" and their ideas as "free-floating and unconnected to specific individuals, institutions, or socio-economic conditions" bs_bs_banner The Policy Studies Journal, Vol. 42, No. (Sabatier, 1999b, p. 11). Of course Sabatier was challenged for his decision to exclude this body of work, especially by European scholars (e.g., Parsons, 2000;Radaelli, 2000), but was unyielding in his position to exclude constructivist approaches in the edited volume.One of the most notable constructivist approaches included in Sabatier's "omitted frameworks" list was the theory of social construction and policy design that was first articulated by Schneider and Ingram in 1993 (Sabatier, 1999b, p. 11). However, by the second edition of Theories of the Policy Process, Sabatier (2007a) changed his mind. ...

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Section: Analysis Of Past Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Past Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Construction and Policy Design: A Review of Past Applications

Pierce¹,

Siddiki²,

Jones³

et al. 2014

Policy Studies Journal

160

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is a nascent literature on the interplay of nonprofit location and the neighboring population (Allard 2009;Peck 2008;Bielefeld and Murdoch 2004;Garrow 2014). One of the very first uses of location in the nonprofit studies literature considered the location of three types of nonprofit organizations -social service, health, and education-in relation to populations within specified distances.…”

Section: The Movement To Service-based Tanfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research points to necessary caution in conducting spatial analysis that extends beyond spatiallymeaningful regions. A tremendous amount of research (Joassart-Marcelli and Wolch 2003;Garrow 2014;McDougle 2015) has been conducted in southern California around the distribution of nonprofit organizations. Joassart-Marcelli and Wolch (2003) find that median income, unemployment rate, and low educational attainment are all negatively associated with the number of nonprofits in a geography, yet when adjusted for proportion in of the population in poverty, there is a very strong positive effect on the number of nonprofits per thousand poor persons.…”

Section: The Movement To Service-based Tanfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place Matters: The Spatial Effects of Human Service Expenditures

Never

Westberg

2016

Nonprofit Policy Forum

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Place matters in human services. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) devolves spending to services, most often provided by nonprofit organizations. We argue that this devolution allows for people to "vote with their feet" (Ostrom, Tiebout, and Warren 1961: "The organization of government in metropolitan areas: A theoretical inquiry." American Political Science Review 55:831-42) in seeking jurisdictions where there will be more spending on human services. This paper considers the spatial patterns of human service expenditures, arguing that people of lower Socio-Economic Status (SES) are less likely to benefit from higher human service spending. We use a spatial Durbin regression to indicate the effects of SES on expenditures in a home county as well as the spillover effect to surrounding counties. The results show that while human service expenditures increase as African American and Renter populations increase in a home county, they also indicate that neighboring counties free-ride on the efforts of the home jurisdiction. Likewise, as a population ages, there is a very large free-riding effect. We conclude that the decentralized TANF policy regime allows for jurisdictions to specialize in human services.

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“…Wolf and Amirkhanyan (2010) discuss the impact of changes in the age structure of the U.S. population on government operations at all levels, such as fiscal pressures, workforce composition, and social program administration. Garrow (2014) examines how racial composition in high-poverty communities affects government funding of human service nonprofits. The present research adds to this body of literature by exploring the impact of social diversity on public human service delivery arrangement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing Diversity: The Impact of Social Heterogeneity on Human Service Delivery

2015

Public Organiz Rev

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The social environment in which government is embedded has wide implications for public administration. The increasing social heterogeneity in the United States poses various puzzles for the governance structure in public human service programs. Apart from major political and policy changes, contracting out service delivery is considered to be a more appropriate managerial response. Therefore, social heterogeneity in a jurisdiction would be positively associated with the use of contractual networks in service delivery. Using data from a national survey of human service contracting, this study finds that states with higher degrees of social heterogeneity use service contractual networks more often. This further highlights the imperative of capacity building for public administrators when using contractual networks.

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Does Race Matter in Government Funding of Nonprofit Human Service Organizations? The Interaction of Neighborhood Poverty and Race

Cited by 46 publications

References 58 publications

Social Construction and Policy Design: A Review of Past Applications

Social Construction and Policy Design: A Review of Past Applications

Place Matters: The Spatial Effects of Human Service Expenditures

Governing Diversity: The Impact of Social Heterogeneity on Human Service Delivery

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