Does the Response of Insect Herbivores to Cadmium Depend on Their Feeding Strategy?

Konopka, Joanna; Hanyu, Kazushi; Macfie, Sheila M.; McNeil, Jeremy N.

doi:10.1007/s10886-013-0273-4

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Likewise, metal defenses vary in their effects upon herbivores. For example, the effectiveness of metal accumulation as an anti-herbivore defense varies with herbivore feeding guilds ( Jhee et al, 2005 ; Vesk and Reichman, 2009 ; Konopka et al, 2013 ), as well as between specialist and generalist herbivores ( Kazemi-Dinan et al, 2014 ). However, it is yet unknown whether metal-based defenses affect differently herbivores that induce or suppress organic defenses, and this may shed new light into the study of potential interactions between metal-based and organic defenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cadmium Accumulation on the Performance of Plants and of Herbivores That Cope Differently With Organic Defenses

Godinho

Serrano

Silva³

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Some plants are able to accumulate in their shoots metals at levels that are toxic to most other organisms. This ability may serve as a defence against herbivores. Therefore, both metal-based and organic defences may affect herbivores. However, how metal accumulation affects the interaction between herbivores and organic plant defences remains overlooked. To fill this gap, we studied the interactions between tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a model plant that accumulates cadmium, and two spider-mite species, Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus evansi that, respectively, induce and suppress organic plant defences, measurable via the activity of trypsin inhibitors. We exposed plants to different concentrations of cadmium and measured its effects on mites and plants. In the plant, despite clear evidence for cadmium accumulation, we did not detect any cadmium effects on traits that reflect the general response of the plant, such as biomass, water content, and carbon/nitrogen ratio. Still, we found effects of cadmium upon the quantity of soluble sugars and on leaf reflectance, where it may indicate structural modifications in the cells. These changes in plant traits affected the performance of spider mites feeding on those plants. Indeed, the oviposition of both spider mite species was higher on plants exposed to low concentrations of cadmium than on control plants, but decreased at concentrations above 0.5 mM. Therefore, herbivores with contrasting responses to organic defences showed a similar hormetic response to metal accumulation by the plants. Additionally, we show that the induction and suppression of plant defences by these spider-mite species was not affected by the amount of cadmium supplied to the plants. Furthermore, the effect of cadmium on the performance of spider mites was not altered by infestation with T. urticae or T. evansi. Together, our results suggest no interaction between cadmium-based and organic plant defences, in our system. This may be useful for plants living in heterogeneous environments, as they may use one or the other defence mechanism, depending on their relative performance in each environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cadmium Accumulation on the Performance of Plants and of Herbivores That Cope Differently With Organic Defenses

Godinho

Serrano

Silva³

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Indeed, phloem-feeding insects seem to be unaffected, for example, by nickel hyperaccumulation [21,22]. Likewise, the generalist aphid Myzus persicae is not influenced by Cd concentrations found in the Cd-tolerant plant Brassica juncea [20]. In contrast, Cd in other plant species correlates negatively with the performance of a specialist aphid [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of single and combined heavy metals and their chelators on aphid performance and preferences

Stolpe

Müller

2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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When present at elevated levels in the environment, heavy metals are toxic for most organisms. However, so-called hyperaccumulator plants tolerate heavy metals and use chelators for their internal long-distance transport. Thus, phloem-sucking insects may come in contact with the chelated metals. In the present study, the effects of individual and combined heavy metals, zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd), as well as of common chelators, nicotianamine and phytochelatin, were investigated on the performance, preferences, and metal accumulation of the generalist aphid Myzus persicae, using artificial diets. Added Zn increased aphid growth, whereas Cd reduced the survival of aphids. Chelators had neither protective nor negative effects on aphids. The combination of the 2 heavy metals in chelated or nonchelated form caused a potentiation effect that led to an extinction of the aphids within less than 2 wk, before they could reproduce. Both Cd and Zn accumulated in the aphids, indicating a possible biomagnification. In choice assays, aphids preferred diets amended with Zn with or without nicotianamine compared to a control diet. In contrast, a Cd-containing diet led to neither attraction nor aversion. The present study provides insight into how mixtures of heavy metals and their chelators influence the life history of a generalist aphid. The results have implications for the use of phytoremediation to remove heavy metals from contaminated soils. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:3023-3030. © 2016 SETAC.

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“…Among these, the elemental defence hypothesis postulates that high internal metal concentrations can protect plants by reducing the performance of pathogens and herbivores Rascio & Navari-Izzo, 2011). In order to demonstrate this adaptive value of metal hyperaccumulation, the influence of elevated foliar metal concentrations on a wide range of herbivorous species belonging to different orders needs to be investigated (Konopka et al, 2013). Underlying mechanisms, such as deterrence or toxicity, should be studied in bioassays testing preference behaviour and survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc and cadmium hyperaccumulation act as deterrents towards specialist herbivores and impede the performance of a generalist herbivore

et al. 2014

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SummaryExtraordinarily high leaf metal concentrations in metal hyperaccumulator plants may serve as an elemental defence against herbivores. However, mixed results have been reported and studies using comparative approaches are missing.We investigated the deterrent and toxic potential of metals employing the hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri. Effects of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) on the preferences of three Brassicaceae specialists were tested in paired-choice experiments using differently treated plant material, including transgenic plants. In performance tests, we determined the toxicity and joint effects of both metals incorporated in an artificial diet on the survival of a generalist.Feeding by all specialists was significantly reduced by metal concentrations from above 1000 lg Zn g À1 DW and 18 lg Cd g À1 DW. By contrast, metals did not affect oviposition.Generalist survival decreased with increasing concentrations of individual metals, whereby the combination of Zn and Cd had an additive toxic effect even at the lowest applied concentrations of 100 lg Zn g À1 and 2 lg Cd g À1 . Metal hyperaccumulation protects plants from herbivory resulting from deterrence and toxicity against a wide range of herbivores. The combination of metals exacerbates toxicity through joint effects and enhances elemental defence. Thus, metal hyperaccumulation is ecologically beneficial for plants.

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Does the Response of Insect Herbivores to Cadmium Depend on Their Feeding Strategy?

Abstract: -Phytoremediation has been proposed for the elimination of toxic metals in soil, yet little attention was 12given to the performance of insects that feed on contaminant-tolerant plants. We tested the performance of two

Cited by 38 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of Cadmium Accumulation on the Performance of Plants and of Herbivores That Cope Differently With Organic Defenses

Effect of Cadmium Accumulation on the Performance of Plants and of Herbivores That Cope Differently With Organic Defenses

Effects of single and combined heavy metals and their chelators on aphid performance and preferences

Zinc and cadmium hyperaccumulation act as deterrents towards specialist herbivores and impede the performance of a generalist herbivore

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