Does the Sedation Resulting from Sleep Deprivation and Lorazepam Cause Similar Cognitive Deficits?

Fluck, Emma; File, Sandra E.; Springett, Jonathan; Kopelman, Michael D.; Rees, John; Orgill, Jane

doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(97)00523-6

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This is because there was a small variability in scores resulting from a uniform student population. Similar designs, using similar group sizes, have previously shown significant effects of lorazepam (File et al, 1992;File, 1992a,b;Fluck et al, 1998), temazepam (Joyce and File, 1995) and glycine (File et al, 1999a). One of our reasons for not using a crossover design is the fairly marked practice effects in some of these tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Modafinil affects mood, but not cognitive function, in healthy young volunteers

Randall

Shneerson

Plaha

et al. 2002

Human Psychopharmacology

108

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Modafinil is a selective wakefulness-promoting agent with beneficial effects in narcolepsy and conditions of sleep deprivation. In a double-blind study we examined its effects in 30 healthy, non sleep-deprived students (19 men and 11 women, aged 19-23 years), who were randomly allocated to placebo, 100 or 200 mg modafinil and 3 h later completed 100 mm visual analogue scales relating to mood and bodily symptoms, before and after an extensive battery of cognitive tests (pen and paper and CANTAB). There were no significant differences between the three treatment groups on any of the cognitive tests used in this study. There was a significant post-treatment change in the factor measuring 'somatic anxiety' and in individual ratings of 'shaking', 'palpitations', 'dizziness', 'restlessness', 'muscular tension', 'physical tiredness' and 'irritability', which was mainly due to significantly higher ratings of somatic anxiety in the 100 mg group compared with the other two groups. Further changes in mood were revealed after the stress of cognitive testing, with the 100 mg group showing greater increases in the 'psychological anxiety' and the 'aggressive mood' factors (as measured from the Bond and Lader scales).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Modafinil affects mood, but not cognitive function, in healthy young volunteers

Randall

Shneerson

Plaha

et al. 2002

Human Psychopharmacology

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Indeed, the fact that the lorazepam drug induces a transient amnesia following a single intake has been repeatedly shown Bishop and Curran, 1998;Curran et al, 1993;Danion, 1994;Danion et al, 1989Danion et al, , 1992File et al, 1992;Legrand et al, 1995;Pompéia et al, 1996;Vidailhet et al, 1996;Weingartner et al, 1993). During the amnesic episode, results have shown that episodic memory is specifically impaired (File et al, 1992;Fluck et al, 1998;Green et al, 1996;Duka et al, 1996;Curran 1991Curran , 1999Blin et al, 2001) and that it is independent of the benzodiazepine-induced sedative effects (Mintzer and Griffiths, 2003a;Huron et al, 2002). Interestingly, participants do not seem to be aware of their memory deficits (Curran et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Specific Effects of an Amnesic Drug: Effect of Lorazepam on Study Time Allocation and on Judgment of Learning

Izaute

Bacon

2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

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We investigated the effects of lorazepam, a benzodiazepine, on the allocation of study time, memory, and judgment of learning, in a cognitive task where the repetition of word presentation was manipulated. The aim was to assess whether lorazepam would affect the learning processes and/or whether the participants would be aware of the amnesic difficulty. A total of 30 healthy volunteers participated in the study, 15 of whom received a capsule containing the lorazepam drug (0.038 mg/kg) and 15 a placebo capsule. First, the accuracy of delayed judgments of learning (JOL) was measured in both groups. For the JOL ratings, results showed that all the participants benefited from word repetition. Although the overall performance was lower in the lorazepam than in the placebo group, the accuracy of the JOL ratings was preserved by the drug. Second, all the participants benefited from the repetition of learning, although the performances of the lorazepam-treated subjects remained lower than those of the placebo participants. The repetition of learning had an effect on JOL in both groups. Finally, the time spent learning each (allocation study time) pair of words was measured. For the placebo group, results revealed that study time decreased significantly with the frequency of presentation. For the lorazepam group, no effect of presentation frequency was found. Overall, our findings suggest that the lorazepam drug has a differential effect on the monitoring and the control processes involved in a learning task. The implications of these findings are discussed within the theoretical framework of metacognition.

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“…Indeed, the fact that lorazepam induces transient amnesia after a single administration is well known Bishop and Curran 1998;Curran et al 1993;Danion 1994;Danion et al 1989Danion et al , 1992File et al 1992;Legrand et al 1995;Pompeia et al 2000;Vidailhet et al 1996;Weingartner et al 1993; for review, see Curran 1991Curran , 1999Curran , 2000BuffetJerrott and Stewart 2002;Vidailhet 2004;Stewart 2005). Experimental results showed that episodic memory is specifically impaired during such amnesic episodes (File et al 1992;Fluck et al 1998;Green et al 1996;Duka et al 1996;Curran 1991Curran , 1999Blin et al 2001) and that this impairment is independent of the benzodiazepine-induced sedative effects (Mintzer and Griffiths 2003;Huron et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, assessments of the effects of lorazepam itself are not always consistent. Some authors consider that lorazepam has no effect on short-term memory (Brown et al 1982;Duka et al 1995;Ferrara et al 1999;Fluck et al 1998;Kumar et al 1987;Mac et al 1985;Mallick et al 1993;Matthews et al 2002), whereas others consider that lorazepam induces a deficit in short-term memory (Patat et al 1995). Mintzer and Griffiths (2003) observed an impairment of working memory under the effect of lorazepam, as did Duka et al (1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%