Doherty Power Amplifier With Extended High-Efficiency Range Based on the Utilization of Multiple Output Power Back-Off Parameters

Choi, Young Chan; Choi, Woojin; Oh, Hansik; Chen, Yifei; Shin, Jaekyung; Jeon, Hong-Tae; Hwang, Keum Cheol; Lee, Kang-Yoon; Yang, Youngoo

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2022.3144422

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Table II summarizes the measured performance using the 5G NR signal, and compares it with those of the previous related works. Compared to the previous works for the similar frequency band [16]- [17], [26]- [27] and [29]- [30], this work shows relatively high efficiency across the broad bandwidth of 3.4 -3.7 GHz using the modulated signal with a wide signal bandwidth of 100 MHz.…”

Section: Implementation and Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…There are three MLN methods for OBO range extension, namely the virtual open-stub (VOS) method [18]- [20], the out-phased current combining (OCC) method [21], and the complex combining load (CCL) method [22]- [25]. A recent study presents a theoretical analysis for circuit design using multiple MLNs based on the reflection coefficients [26]. A combination of VOS and OCC using a load network based on the Chireix combiner was introduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A combination of VOS and OCC using a load network based on the Chireix combiner was introduced. However, it is not able to predict the load modulation characteristics using the phases of the currents especially for the power transition region using the reflection coefficient model which was proposed in [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generalized Expression and Design Method of Modified Load Networks for Doherty Power Amplifier With Extended Back-Off Range

et al. 2022

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This paper presents a generalized expression of the modified load networks (MLNs) for Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) with an extended output power back-off (OBO) range. Based on the analysis using this new expression, a new circuit structure generally applicable to any combination of the multiple MLNs is proposed. The load network has a simple structure including impedance matching circuits and offset lines for the carrier and peaking amplifiers. A design procedure for the proposed load network is presented. A DPA using any optimized combination of the multiple MLNs can be easily designed using the proposed load network. For verification, a GaN-HEMT symmetrical DPA based on a combination of the virtual open-stub (VOS) and out-phased current combining (OCC) methods was designed and implemented for the frequency band of 3.4 -3.7 GHz. The reversed uneven power splitting method is adopted in the design for higher power gain. Using the 5G New Radio (NR) signal with a peak-to average power ratio (PAPR) of 7.9 dB and a signal bandwidth of 100 MHz, the proposed DPA exhibited DE of 55.3 -60.9% with a power gain of 11.9 -12.7 dB at an average output power of 33.7 dBm. An adjacent channel leakage power ratio (ACLR) of -42.6 --44.8 dBc was achieved at the average power level by using a digital predistortion (DPD) technique across the band.INDEX TERMS Doherty power amplifier, extended output power back-off, modified load network, virtual open stub, out-phased current combining, complex combining load, GaN-HEMT.

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Section: Implementation and Experimental Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generalized Expression and Design Method of Modified Load Networks for Doherty Power Amplifier With Extended Back-Off Range

et al. 2022

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“…Since the modulated signals with high PAPR have been adopted in modern communication systems, many research efforts to improve the efficiency of power amplifiers with large output power back-off (OBO) levels have been initiated [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21]. Due to the simple circuit and excellent efficiency improvement characteristics through a wide output power range, DPAs have been widely used for base-transceiver systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, LMBAs suffer from complex and bulky structure as well as relatively low power gain. Recently, alternative methods based on a symmetric structure with modified load networks have been reported [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]. For the methods using modified load networks, the carrier amplifier should be simply designed to have the load impedances in complex values at the combining node for either the low power level, the peak power level, or both power levels, which gives increased load impedance modulation of larger than twice for the carrier amplifier at its current source plane of the transistor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Load Modulation Combiner Having a Capability of Back-Off Control for Doherty Power Amplifiers

et al. 2023

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A new load modulation combiner (LMC) having the capability of back-off control is proposed for a Doherty power amplifier (DPA). The proposed LMC consists of two transmission lines tied at the combining node, and a shunt element across the other ends of the transmission lines. The shunt element of the LMC becomes virtually open-circuited at the peak power level and allows the carrier amplifier to have an arbitrary load impedance at the low power level. The operating principle and circuit structure of the DPA based on the proposed LMC are presented in detail. The proposed DPA was implemented using GaN-HEMT for the 3.5 -4.0 GHz band. Using a 5G NR signal with a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of 7.9 dB and signal bandwidth of 100 MHz, the implemented DPA showed drain efficiency (DE) of 49.6 -54.4% and power gain of 11.1 -13.0 dB at an average output power of 34.5 dBm. An adjacent channel leakage power ratio (ACLR) was obtained as −50.4 -−45.0 dBc at the average power level with a digital pre-distortion (DPD) technique.INDEX TERMS Load modulation combiner, Doherty power amplifier, extended OBO level, GaN-HEMT.

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Analysis and design of symmetrical coupled Doherty power amplifier with extended high-efficiency range

Zhang,

Gao,

Liu

et al. 2024

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications

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Doherty Power Amplifier With Extended High-Efficiency Range Based on the Utilization of Multiple Output Power Back-Off Parameters

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Generalized Expression and Design Method of Modified Load Networks for Doherty Power Amplifier With Extended Back-Off Range

Generalized Expression and Design Method of Modified Load Networks for Doherty Power Amplifier With Extended Back-Off Range

New Load Modulation Combiner Having a Capability of Back-Off Control for Doherty Power Amplifiers

Analysis and design of symmetrical coupled Doherty power amplifier with extended high-efficiency range

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