Domperidone vs Metoclopramide: Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy in Treating Diabetic Gastroparesis

Abstract

Diabetic gastroparesis, a common complication of diabetes mellitus, presents a challenging clinical scenario characterised by delayed gastric emptying and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating. Objectives: The primary aim of the study is to compare domperidone vs metoclopramide to evaluate their efficacy in treating diabetic gastroparesis. Methods: This comparative study was conducted in DHQ Hospital Nowshera Khyber Pakhtunkhwa—from June 2022 to June 2023. Data was collected from 190 patients from both genders. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria are randomised into Group A (Domperidone) and Group B (Metoclopramide). The severity of gastroparesis symptoms is assessed using validated symptom-scoring tools before treatment initiation and at regular intervals throughout the study. Results: Data was collected from 190 patients suffering from DM. The mean age of the patients in group A was 52.4 ± 8.2 years and in group B, 53.1 ± 7.5 years. There were 105 female and 185 male patients. The mean duration of DM is 12.3 ± 4.1 years and 11.8 ± 3.8 years in groups A and B, respectively. Group A (Domperidone) and Group B (Metoclopramide) demonstrated significant improvement in symptom scores from baseline to the final assessment. Group A exhibited a substantial reduction in symptom score from 18.2 ± 4.5 at baseline to 8.7 ± 3.2 at the end of the study (p < 0.001), while Group B showed a decrease from 17.9 ± 4.3 to 9.5 ± 3.8 (p < 0.001). Moreover, both groups experienced notable reductions in gastric emptying time. Conclusion: It is concluded that both domperidone and metoclopramide are effective in managing diabetic gastroparesis, with nuances in their safety profiles.