Donor–acceptor complexes and radical ionic salts based on fullerenes

Abstract

The review generalises for the first time the published data on the synthesis and properties of donor-acceptor type of compounds based on fullerenes, various solvates and clathrates, inclusion compounds, molecular complexes and charge-transfer complexes both with inorganic donors and with organoelement donors of the tetrathiafulvalene, amine, metallocene and metalloporphyrin series. Radical ionic salts of fullerenes with bulky cations and alkali metals obtained by intercalation or by direct synthesis in solution are discussed. Results of studies of fullerene compounds by IR, optical, ESR, X-ray photoelectron and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, as well as their conducting (including superconducting), magnetic and optical properties are discussed. The bibliography includes 208 references.

Discrete Fulleride Anions and Fullerenium Cations

“…[469][470][471] Enhanced photoluminescence from fullerides 472 is another property, among many, 45,151,473 that can be envisioned to lead to material science applications. 48 After a period of very intense publication activity, fullerene research can now profit from a period of less frenetic exploration, confident that there are decades worth of interesting phenomena and applications to be discovered. The model of ferrocene as a redox-active chromophore with a 48-year history of sustained interest and more than 35 years before commercial use (glucose electrodes 474 and cationic group 4 metallocene catalysts for alkene polymerization 475 ) should be remembered.…”

“…150 It is believed that there is considerable unexplored potential for new materials with interesting electrical, magnetic, or photonic properties using metal complexes as counterions to fullerides. 48,151 iii. Organic/Other Reducing Agents…”

“…Donoracceptor properties of fullerene and fulleride materials have recently been reviewed. 48 The literature on fullerenes is widely spread across the disciplines of material science, physics, and chemistry in all its branches, adding to the challenge of writing a review that is both critical and comprehensive. Compounding this is the proliferation of publications associated with conferences which, apart from sometimes undesirable duplication, may introduce data and interpretations that have not had the benefit of thorough peer review.…”

Self-Assembly of Stimuli-Responsive Water-Soluble [60]Fullerene End-Capped Ampholytic Block Copolymer

“…The solubility of fullerenes can be enhanced through the formation of charge-transfer complexes with organic compounds possessing electron-donating properties [2], [3]. In addition, Manuscript received November 18, 2004.…”

Supramolecular Fullerene-Porphyrin Chemistry. Fullerene Complexation by Metalated “Jaws Porphyrin” Hosts

“…In contrast to the traditional paradigm, it is not necessary to match a concave host with a convex guest. The interaction has attracted attention from a fundamental point of view, 8 and there are potential applications in fullereneporphyrin light-harvesting devices, 9-11 molecular conductors or magnets, [12][13][14] medicine, 15 and porous metal-organic frameworks. 16 The close association of a fullerene and a porphyrin was first recognized in the solid-state porphyrin-fullerene assembly of a covalent fullerene-porphyrin conjugate.…”