Donor–acceptor–donor structured thioxanthone derivatives as visible photoinitiators

Abstract

Three new thioxanthone derivatives differing by their peripheral groups have been investigated as visible light photoinitiators of polymerisation. Their reactivity and efficiency have been compared with that of a commercial...

Recent advances on benzylidene ketones as photoinitiators of polymerization

“…At present, the development of Type II monocomponent photoinitiating systems remains limited due to the necessity to introduce within the same molecule a hydrogen donor used as a co-initiator connected to a hydrogen acceptor. In this field, thioxanthones [273][274][275] and benzophenones [256,261,276,277] are the most popular hydrogen acceptors reported in the literature even if a few new structures such as bithiophene derivatives [258] or naphthalimides [234,240,241] have recently been examined as possible structures. However, such compounds can only be obtained in multistep synthesis, rendering this approach less appealing for industrial applications due to the high cost of such structures.…”

Recent progress in the development of highly active dyeing photoinitiators based on 1,3-bis(p-substituted phenylamino)squaraines for radical polymerization of acrylates

“…37,38 Over the years, the photosensitization abilities of many various organic dyes have been tested. [39][40][41][42] There is much information in the literature on photoinitiating systems containing different types of sensitizers, such as: BODIPY derivatives, [43][44][45][46] camphorquinones, [47][48][49][50] carbazoles, 51-53 coumarins, [54][55][56] cyanines, 40,57 ferrocenes, 58,59 flavones, 60 indoles, 61 squaraines, 40,43,62 thioxanthones [63][64][65][66][67] and many others. 68 The number of compounds that can act as a light absorber is really huge and impressive.…”

Zeolite‐Reinforced Interpenetrating Polymer Network Initiated by Chalcone Based Photoinitiating System and Their Application in 3D/4D Printing

“…16,19,[24][25][26] Recently, an extensive work has been devoted to develop new photoinitiating systems (PIS) of photopolymerization. 17,[27][28][29][30][31][32] Among all photoinitiators, natural photoinitiators are candidate of choice for the manufacture of biocompatible polymer materials. 33 Chalcone is a class of natural dyes belonging to the flavonoids and exhibiting a low toxicity.…”