Dopamine-synthesizing neurons include the putative H-cell homologue in the mothManduca sexta

Mesce, Karen A.; DeLorme, Andre W.; Brelje, T. Clark; Klukas, Kathleen A.

doi:10.1002/1096-9861(20010219)430:4<501::aid-cne1046>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…Expression of MsTH in integument and ventral nerve cord is consistent with DmTH mutant phenotypes, namely, decreased cuticle tanning and behavioral abnormalities (Budnik and White, 1987;Neckameyer and White, 1993;Neckameyer, 1996;True et al, 1999;Friggi-Grelin et al, 2003). Our results are also consistent with those of a previous study that used a heterologous antibody to identify MsTH in H-cells in the ventral nerve cord (Mesce et al, 2001). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase from Manduca sexta

Gorman

Kanost

2007

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

117

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In insects, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) is required for tanning of newly formed cuticle and the production of melanin during some types of immune responses. DOPA is produced by the hydroxylation of tyrosine, and this reaction can be catalyzed by two types of enzymes: tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and phenoloxidase (PO). TH is required for cuticle tanning in Drosophila melanogaster and for cuticle pigmentation in other insect species, but additional functions of TH have been uncertain. In contrast, an immune function for PO has been well documented. The goal of this study was to characterize TH from Manduca sexta with a focus on its possible contribution to cuticle tanning and immune-associated melanization. We cloned a full length TH cDNA, purified recombinant TH, and confirmed that MsTH and MsPO have tyrosine hydroxylating activity. To determine possible functions, we analyzed TH expression profiles. TH mRNA and protein were present in eggs at the stage when the pharate larval cuticle begins to tan and also in the integument of molting larvae. The amount of TH in the integument was correlated with the degree of cuticle tanning. Unlike PO, which was found to be constitutively expressed by hemocytes and was present in plasma, TH was upregulated in hemocytes and the fat body in response to an immune challenge and remained intracellular. These data suggest that TH is required for cuticle tanning and immunity in M. sexta. Based on the collective information from many studies, we propose a model in which TH is a major producer of the DOPA required for both cuticle tanning and immune-associated melanization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase from Manduca sexta

Gorman

Kanost

2007

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

117

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“…The mouse antibody recognizes TH across a wide variety of animal species. It has been shown to label neurons that specifically contain DA and no other amine in both insects and annelids (e.g., Mesce et al, 2001; Crisp et al, 2002). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tyrosine-Hydroxylase Characterization of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Honey Bee Brain

Tedjakumala

Rouquette

Boizeau

et al. 2017

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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Dopamine (DA) plays a fundamental role in insect behavior as it acts both as a general modulator of behavior and as a value system in associative learning where it mediates the reinforcing properties of unconditioned stimuli (US). Here we aimed at characterizing the dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system of the honey bee, an insect that serves as an established model for the study of learning and memory. We used tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity (ir) to ensure that the neurons detected synthesize DA endogenously. We found three main dopaminergic clusters, C1–C3, which had been previously described; the C1 cluster is located in a small region adjacent to the esophagus (ES) and the antennal lobe (AL); the C2 cluster is situated above the C1 cluster, between the AL and the vertical lobe (VL) of the mushroom body (MB); the C3 cluster is located below the calyces (CA) of the MB. In addition, we found a novel dopaminergic cluster, C4, located above the dorsomedial border of the lobula, which innervates the visual neuropils of the bee brain. Additional smaller processes and clusters were found and are described. The profuse dopaminergic innervation of the entire bee brain and the specific connectivity of DA neurons, with visual, olfactory and gustatory circuits, provide a foundation for a deeper understanding of how these sensory modules are modulated by DA, and the DA-dependent value-based associations that occur during associative learning.

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“…Like histamine, the distribution of dopamine-like labeling has been mapped in the CNS of a variety of arthropods (e.g., Vieillemaringe et al 1984;Nässel et al 1988b;Schäfer and Rehder 1989;Milton et al 1991;Nässel and Elekes 1992;Wendt and Homberg 1992;Cournil et al 1994Cournil et al , 1995Lundell and Hirsh 1994;Schmidt and Ache 1994;Schürmann et al 1995;Bicker 1999;Hörner 1999;Kirchhof et al 1999;Monastirioti 1999;Wood and Derby 1996;Tierney et al 1999Tierney et al , 2003Mesce et al 2001;Pulver and Marder 2002;Pulver et al 2003;Fort et al 2004;Fu et al 2005;Hamasaka and Nässel 2006;Dickinson et al 2008). Here too, much of the labeling is reported to be centrally located, suggesting a role for dopamine as a locally released neuromodulator.…”

Section: Copepod Cns Contains Extensive Aminergic Innervationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical mapping of histamine, dopamine, and serotonin in the central nervous system of the copepod Calanus finmarchicus (Crustacea; Maxillopoda; Copepoda)

Hartline

Christie

2010

Cell Tissue Res

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Calanoid copepods constitute an important group of marine planktonic crustaceans that often dominate the metazoan biomass of the world's oceans. In proportion to their ecological importance, little is known about their nervous systems. We have used immunohistochemical techniques in a common North Atlantic calanoid to localize re-identifiable neurons that putatively contain the biogenic amines histamine, dopamine, and serotonin. We have found low numbers of such cells and cell groups (approximately 37 histamine pairs, 22 dopamine pairs, and 12 serotonin pairs) compared with those in previously described crustaceans. These cells are concentrated in the anterior part of the central nervous system, the majority for each amine being located in the three neuromeres that constitute the brain (protocerebrum, deutocerebrum, and tritocerebrum). Extensive histamine labeling occurs in several small compact protocerebral neuropils, three pairs of larger, more posterior, paired, dense neuropils, and one paired diffuse tritocerebral neuropil. The most concentrated neuropil showing dopamine labeling lies in the putative deutocerebrum, associated with heavily labeled commissural connections between the two sides of the brain. The most prominent serotonin neuropil is present in the anterior medial part of the brain. Tracts of immunoreactive fibers of all three amines are prominent in the cephalic region of the nervous system, but some projections into the most posterior thoracic regions have also been noted.

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Dopamine-synthesizing neurons include the putative H-cell homologue in the mothManduca sexta

Cited by 18 publications

References 72 publications

Characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase from Manduca sexta

Characterization of tyrosine hydroxylase from Manduca sexta

A Tyrosine-Hydroxylase Characterization of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Honey Bee Brain

Immunohistochemical mapping of histamine, dopamine, and serotonin in the central nervous system of the copepod Calanus finmarchicus (Crustacea; Maxillopoda; Copepoda)

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