Doppler Flow Velocity Patterns of the Superior Vena Cava, Inferior Vena Cava, Hepatic Vein, Coronary Sinus, and Atrial Septal Defect: A Guide for the Echocardiographer

Reynolds, Terry; Appleton, Christopher P.

doi:10.1016/s0894-7317(14)80386-6

Cited by 53 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…7). As with all other veins, the normal flow pattern consists of two phases of antegrade flow: A systolic phase and a separate early diastolic phase 14 . As with other veins, the amplitude of systolic flow is usually higher than that of diastolic flow.…”

Section: Doppler Recording Of Cs Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Echocardiography of Coronary Sinus Anatomy and Physiology

D'Cruz

Shirwany

2003

Echocardiography

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The coronary sinus (CS) can be imaged echocardiographically as a small tubular sonolucency in the posterior atrioventricular groove. To date, its importance to echocardiographers has been that CS dilatation usually signifies a persistent left superior vena cava. Recently, we developed a technique to image CS caliber over the duration of the cardiac cycle. CS contraction accompanies the P wave on the electrocardiogram, in sinus rhythm or in various arrhythmias. CS contraction is always absent in atrial fibrillation. In sinus rhythm, CS contraction may be attenuated or absent if congestive heart failure, with marked venous congestion, is present. Thus, this attenuation is a potentially valuable echocardiographic sign of elevated central venous pressure. We demonstrate the echo visualization of CS-related structures, such as tributary veins and the Thebesian valve. The potentially useful concept of the CS as a "miniventricle" is discussed. CS blood flow can be recorded by interrogation in the right heart inflow view. The pattern of CS antegrade flow and the exceptional situation of retrograde systolic CS flow from a posteriorly directed tricuspid regurgitant jet are demonstrated.

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Section: Doppler Recording Of Cs Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Echocardiography of Coronary Sinus Anatomy and Physiology

D'Cruz

Shirwany

2003

Echocardiography

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“…Because inferior vena cava flow waves were synchronized with inferior vena cava pressure waves (x, v, y, and a), the mechanisms underlying inferior vena cava flow waves and inferior vena cava pressure waves are thought to be similar. A previous study showed that flow velocity waveforms (hepatic vein, internal jugular vein, and inferior vena cava) on ultrasonography [14] were similar to inferior vena cava flow waveforms, which were designated as S, V, D, and A. In the present study, we used these letters to designate inferior vena cava flow waves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental evaluation of portal venous pulsatile flow synchronized with heartbeat intervals

2011

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“…Interrogation of HV flow provides valuable information regarding right heart hemodynamics . The HV Doppler serves as a surrogate to the IVC Doppler due to shortcomings of the latter.…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%