Dormancy Induction and Release in Buds and Seeds

Chao, Wun S.; Doğramacı, Münevver; Horvath, David P.; Foley, Michael; Anderson, James V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14451-1_14

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…We also identified a plethora of TF genes that are differentially expressed in the dormancy release process (e.g., ERF, bHLH, bZIP, NAC, WRKY, and MYB genes) (Figure 7). Our observations are consistent with those of previous studies, determining that cold stratification induces various physiology changes by activating many TFs, including ERF, MYB, bHLH, NAC, WRKY, and MADS genes [1,35,66]. For example, the expression levels of 40 differentially expressed ERF genes were down-regulated during seed cold stratification (Figure 7B).…”

Section: Transcription Factors Play a Pivotal Role In Callery Pear Se...supporting

confidence: 92%

“…As perennial woody plants, pear species evolved dormancy (ability to time the germination) to avoid injury in unsuitable environments, and this trait occurs in both seeds and buds. Seed dormancy inhibits seeds from germinating at the wrong time or in the wrong space, whereas bud dormancy ensures that vegetative growth occurs only under optimal environmental conditions [1]. During the production of pear nursery stock, grafting is used to produce pear seedlings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptome and Metabolite Conjoint Analysis Reveals the Seed Dormancy Release Process in Callery Pear

Zhang

Qian

Bian

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Seed dormancy transition is a vital developmental process for seedling propagation and agricultural production. The process is precisely regulated by diverse endogenous genetic factors and environmental cues. Callery pear (Pyrus calleryana Decne) is an important rootstock species that requires cold stratification to break seed dormancy, but the mechanisms underlying pear seed dormancy release are not yet fully understood. Here, we analyzed the transcriptome profiles at three different stages of cold stratification in callery pear seeds using RNA sequencing combined with phytohormone and sugar content measurements. Significant alterations in hormone contents and carbohydrate metabolism were observed and reflected the dormancy status of the seeds. The expressions of genes related to plant hormone metabolism and signaling transduction, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis (ASAs, TSA, NITs, YUC, and AAO) genes as well as several abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) catabolism and signaling transduction genes (CYP707As, GA2ox, and DELLAs), were consistent with endogenous hormone changes. We further found that several genes involved in cytokinin (CTK), ethylene (ETH), brassionolide (BR), and jasmonic acid (JA) metabolism and signaling transduction were differentially expressed and integrated in pear seed dormancy release. In accordance with changes in starch and soluble sugar contents, the genes associated with starch and sucrose metabolism were significantly up-regulated during seed dormancy release progression. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes involved in lipid metabolism pathways were also up-regulated. Finally, 447 transcription factor (TF) genes (including ERF, bHLH, bZIP, NAC, WRKY, and MYB genes) were observed to be differentially expressed during seed cold stratification and might relate to pear seed dormancy release. Our results suggest that the mechanism underlying pear seed dormancy release is a complex, transcriptionally regulated process involving hormones, sugars, lipids, and TFs.

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Section: Transcription Factors Play a Pivotal Role In Callery Pear Se...supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome and Metabolite Conjoint Analysis Reveals the Seed Dormancy Release Process in Callery Pear

Zhang

Qian

Bian

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Typically, when non-dormant shoots of young perennial woody plants receive a bud induction stimulus, changes occur in plant hormones, carbohydrates and phytochrome (Chao et al, 2007). These changes alter plant phenology, most noticeably by the formation of budscales instead of leaves at the terminal shoot apices, which in most conifer species are at first identifiable by the formation of living white budscales (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daylength effects on black spruce bud dormancy release change during endo- and ecodormancy

Colombo,

Man

2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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The effects of daylength on bud dormancy release varied throughout the dormant period in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) seedlings. In phase one of this trial, seedlings exposed to 8 h photoperiods to induce terminal buds were then intermittently transferred to 12, 16, 18 or 24 h photoperiods to determine dormancy status, evaluated by observing rates of terminal budburst. Buds were in a state of endodormancy initially after short-day induction, as indicated by their inability to quickly break bud when placed in longer daylengths. The time required for budburst decreased as time after bud initiation increased. Time to terminal budburst also decreased linearly with longer photoperiods. In phase two of the investigation, beginning 9 weeks after terminal bud initiation, seedlings began receiving chilling at +5°C to promote the transition from endo- to ecodormancy. During chilling, groups of seedlings were periodically removed from the cold and placed into warm temperatures at 8, 12, 16, 18 or 24 h photoperiods to observe the rate of budburst. Time to budburst in an 8 h photoperiod decreased logarithmically with the duration of chilling, decreasing more rapidly over the first four weeks of chilling and thereafter more slowly. Photoperiod always affected the rates of budburst: with eight weeks of chilling, longer photoperiods resulted in faster rates of budburst; in contrast, after 16 weeks of chilling, budburst was faster in shorter photoperiods. These results are of practical significance in tree nurseries where controlling bud dormancy release is important. In addition, this trial provides empirical observations of bud dormancy release that contribute to the understanding of environmental control of this aspect of the tree developmental cycle, which may affect tree phenology as the climate changes.

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“…Bud dormancy is defined as ‘the temporary suspension of visible growth of any plant structure containing a meristem’ [ 15 ]. Paradormancy is defined as growth cessation controlled by physiological factors within the plant but external to the affected structure, endodormancy is defined as growth cessation controlled by physiological factors internal to the affected structure, and ecodormancy represents growth cessation controlled by environmental factors external to the plant [ 16 ]. Thus, the various types of dormancy in plants constitute a vast field of study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of molecular and hormonal background of early growth cessation and endodormancy induction in two contrasting Populus hybrid cultivars

et al. 2021

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Background Over the life cycle of perennial trees, the dormant state enables the avoidance of abiotic stress conditions. The growth cycle can be partitioned into induction, maintenance and release and is controlled by complex interactions between many endogenous and environmental factors. While phytohormones have long been linked with dormancy, there is increasing evidence of regulation by DAM and CBF genes. To reveal whether the expression kinetics of CBFs and their target PtDAM1 is related to growth cessation and endodormancy induction in Populus, two hybrid poplar cultivars were studied which had known differential responses to dormancy inducing conditions. Results Growth cessation, dormancy status and expression of six PtCBFs and PtDAM1 were analyzed. The ‘Okanese’ hybrid cultivar ceased growth rapidly, was able to reach endodormancy, and exhibited a significant increase of several PtCBF transcripts in the buds on the 10th day. The ‘Walker’ cultivar had delayed growth cessation, was unable to enter endodormancy, and showed much lower CBF expression in buds. Expression of PtDAM1 peaked on the 10th day only in the buds of ‘Okanese’. In addition, PtDAM1 was not expressed in the leaves of either cultivar while leaf CBFs expression pattern was several fold higher in ‘Walker’, peaking at day 1. Leaf phytohormones in both cultivars followed similar profiles during growth cessation but differentiated based on cytokinins which were largely reduced, while the Ox-IAA and iP7G increased in ‘Okanese’ compared to ‘Walker’. Surprisingly, ABA concentration was reduced in leaves of both cultivars. However, the metabolic deactivation product of ABA, phaseic acid, exhibited an early peak on the first day in ‘Okanese’. Conclusions Our results indicate that PtCBFs and PtDAM1 have differential kinetics and spatial localization which may be related to early growth cessation and endodormancy induction under the regime of low night temperature and short photoperiod in poplar. Unlike buds, PtCBFs and PtDAM1 expression levels in leaves were not associated with early growth cessation and dormancy induction under these conditions. Our study provides new evidence that the degradation of auxin and cytokinins in leaves may be an important regulatory point in a CBF-DAM induced endodormancy. Further investigation of other PtDAMs in bud tissue and a study of both growth-inhibiting and the degradation of growth-promoting phytohormones is warranted.

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Dormancy Induction and Release in Buds and Seeds

Cited by 8 publications

References 117 publications

Transcriptome and Metabolite Conjoint Analysis Reveals the Seed Dormancy Release Process in Callery Pear

Transcriptome and Metabolite Conjoint Analysis Reveals the Seed Dormancy Release Process in Callery Pear

Daylength effects on black spruce bud dormancy release change during endo- and ecodormancy

Elucidation of molecular and hormonal background of early growth cessation and endodormancy induction in two contrasting Populus hybrid cultivars

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