Double-stranded RNA against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) vp28 or vp26 reduced susceptibility of Litopenaeus vannamei to WSSV, and survivors exhibited decreased susceptibility in subsequent re-infections

Mejía-Ruíz, Claudio Humberto; Vega-Peña, Sergio; Álvarez-Ruíz, Píndaro; Escobedo-Bonilla, César Marcial

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2011.02.002

Cited by 63 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This result endorses previous findings where dsRNA targeting any of these two genes gave a similar protection against an experimental WSSV infection (Mejı´a-Ruı´z et al, 2011). Genes vp28 and vp26 encode structural proteins vp28 and vp26, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…1). Previous studies have reported a mild antiviral effect of sequence-independent dsRNA treatment using either a low amount of infectious virus (Robalino et al, 2007) or even with the same high infectious dose (Mejı´a-Ruı´z et al, 2011). This finding confirms that in shrimp, only sequence-specific dsRNA triggers a protective RNAi response upon a high WSSV dose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…WSSV structural proteins such as vp28 and vp26 are involved in virus entry (Tang et al, 2007;van Hulten et al, 2001a;Youtong et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2002). These proteins constitute targets against virus infection by recombinant proteins (Caipang et al, 2008;Witteveldt et al, 2006), neutralizing antibodies (Jiang et al, 2007;Natividad et al, 2007) and RNAi (Mejı´a-Ruı´z et al, 2011;Robalino et al, 2004;Sarathi et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of double-stranded RNA against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) non-structural (orf89, wsv191) and structural (vp28, vp26) genes in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Escobedo-Bonilla

Vega-Peña

Mejía-Ruíz

2015

Journal of King Saud University - Science

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White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a major pathogen in shrimp aquaculture. RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising tool against viral infections. Previous works with RNAi showed different antiviral efficacies depending on the silenced gene. This work evaluated the antiviral efficacy of double-stranded (ds) RNA against two non-structural (orf89, wsv191) WSSV genes compared to structural (vp26, vp28) genes to inhibit an experimental WSSV infection. Gene orf89 encodes a putative regulatory protein and gene white spot virus (wsv)191 encodes a nonspecific nuclease; whereas genes vp26 and vp28 encode envelope proteins, respectively. Molecules of dsRNA against each of the WSSV genes were intramuscularly injected (4 lg per shrimp) into a group of shrimp 48 h before a WSSV challenge. The highest antiviral activity occurred with dsRNA against orf89, vp28 and vp26 (cumulative mortalities 10%, 10% and 21%, respectively). In contrast, the least effective treatment was wsv191 dsRNA (cumulative mortality 83%). All dead animals were WSSV-positive by one-step PCR, whereas reverse-transcription PCR of all surviving shrimp confirmed inhibition of virus replication. This study showed that dsRNA against WSSV genes

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficacy of double-stranded RNA against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) non-structural (orf89, wsv191) and structural (vp28, vp26) genes in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Escobedo-Bonilla

Vega-Peña

Mejía-Ruíz

2015

Journal of King Saud University - Science

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“…Numerous studies have explored different vaccination strategies to protect shrimp from WSSV infection, including inactivated WSSV vaccines (45), recombinant protein-based vaccines (46,47), DNA-based vaccines (48)(49)(50), and RNA-based vaccines (51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57). VP28, which is the most abundant WSSV envelope protein, is the major target for vaccine design, and oral vaccination is thought to be the most practical route for vaccine delivery (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VP24 Is a Chitin-Binding Protein Involved in White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection

Han

et al. 2016

J Virol

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Oral ingestion is the major route of infection for the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). However, the mechanism by which virus particles in the digestive tract invade host cells is unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that WSSV virions can bind to chitin through one of the major envelope proteins (VP24). Mutagenesis analysis indicated that amino acids (aa) 186 to 200 in the C terminus of VP24 were required for chitin binding. Moreover, the P-VP24 186 -200 peptide derived from the VP24 chitin binding region significantly inhibited the VP24-chitin interaction and the WSSV-chitin interaction, implying that VP24 participates in WSSV binding to chitin. Oral inoculation experiments showed that P-VP24 186 -200 treatment reduced the number of virus particles remaining in the digestive tract during the early stage of infection and greatly hindered WSSV proliferation in shrimp. These data indicate that binding of WSSV to chitin through the viral envelope protein VP24 is essential for WSSV per os infection and provide new ideas for preventing WSSV infection in shrimp farms. IMPORTANCEIn this study, we show that WSSV can bind to chitin through the envelope protein VP24. The chitin-binding domain of VP24 maps to amino acids 186 to 200 in the C terminus. Binding of WSSV to chitin through the viral envelope protein VP24 is essential for WSSV per os infection. These findings not only extend our knowledge of WSSV infection but also provide new insights into strategies to prevent WSSV infection in shrimp farms. W hite spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is an enveloped doublestranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the genus Whispovirus, family Nimaviridae (1). WSSV has caused enormous economic losses to the shrimp farming industry since 1993. Infectious WSSV virions are typically 250 to 380 nm in length and 120 to 150 nm in diameter (2, 3), and they contain a genome of ϳ300 kb that encodes ϳ180 proteins (4, 5).Ingestion of WSSV-infected sick or dead shrimp has been accepted as the major route of natural infection due to the cannibalistic nature of shrimp (6-11). Therefore the digestive tract of shrimp may be a primary site of infection. The digestive tract of shrimp is composed of the esophagus, stomach, midgut, and hindgut. The esophagus, stomach, and hindgut possess a chitinous lining, which is not present in the midgut (12, 13). Instead, the midgut epithelium is generally lined with the peritrophic membrane (PM), which is a noncellular structure surrounding the food bolus. The PM is composed of regularly arranged chitin fibrils embedded in a matrix of proteins, proteoglycans, and mucopolysaccharides (14-17). Therefore, WSSV must cross the PM in the midgut or the chitinous lining in the other parts of the digestive tract to traverse the basal membranes and reach the host cells. We speculate that the interaction between WSSV and chitin may be important for WSSV infection in the shrimp digestive tract.More than 40 WSSV structural proteins have been identified using proteomic methods to date (18)(19)(20). Among them, VP28,...

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“…One of the most effective strategies against WSSV infection is the application of RNA interference (RNAi) based therapy, which is a universal gene-silencing mechanism. RNAi antiviral response is triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) specific to the viral major capsid protein genes of WSSV, including VP19, VP24, and VP28, and is able to partially block viral progression and increase the survival rate of infected shrimp when compared to shrimp that received random dsRNA (Mejía-Ruíz et al, 2011;Sarathi et al, 2008). These findings indicate the natural existence of intact RNAi machinery within shrimp tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of shrimp immunity against white spot syndrome virus by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus-like particle encapsulated VP28 double-stranded RNA

et al. 2015

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Double-stranded RNA against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) vp28 or vp26 reduced susceptibility of Litopenaeus vannamei to WSSV, and survivors exhibited decreased susceptibility in subsequent re-infections

Cited by 63 publications

References 25 publications

Efficacy of double-stranded RNA against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) non-structural (orf89, wsv191) and structural (vp28, vp26) genes in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Efficacy of double-stranded RNA against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) non-structural (orf89, wsv191) and structural (vp28, vp26) genes in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

VP24 Is a Chitin-Binding Protein Involved in White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection

Enhancement of shrimp immunity against white spot syndrome virus by Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus-like particle encapsulated VP28 double-stranded RNA

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