Draft Genome Sequence of Strain CBD-635, a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA100 Isolate

Carroll, Rachel; Burda, Whittney N.; Roberts, Jill C.; Peak, K. Kealy; Cannons, Andrew C.; Shaw, Lindsey N.

doi:10.1128/genomea.00491-13

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…S. aureus HA-MRSA USA100 (Carroll et al, 2013) was grown overnight in tryptic soy broth (TSB) containing 50 μg/ml kanamycin (KAN). 10 μl of overnight cultures was uniformly spread on the entire surface of 35 mm TSA plates containing 10 μg/ml kanamycin, and incubated 4–6 h at 37 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Epithelial Wnt Signaling Mediates Acetylcholine-Triggered Host Defense against Infection

et al. 2018

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Regulated antimicrobial peptide expression in the intestinal epithelium is key to defense against infection and to microbiota homeostasis. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate such expression is necessary for understanding immune homeostasis and inflammatory disease and for developing safe and effective therapies. We used Caenorhabditis elegans in a preclinical approach to discover mechanisms of antimicrobial gene expression control in the intestinal epithelium. We found an unexpected role for the cholinergic nervous system. Infection-induced acetylcholine release from neurons stimulated muscarinic signaling in the epithelium, driving downstream induction of Wnt expression in the same tissue. Wnt induction activated the epithelial canonical Wnt pathway, resulting in the expression of C-type lectin and lysozyme genes that enhanced host defense. Furthermore, the muscarinic and Wnt pathways are linked by conserved transcription factors. These results reveal a tight connection between the nervous system and the intestinal epithelium, with important implications for host defense, immune homeostasis, and cancer.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Epithelial Wnt Signaling Mediates Acetylcholine-Triggered Host Defense against Infection

et al. 2018

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“…For this study we used a representative panel of multidrug resistant clinical ESKAPE pathogen isolates (Supporting Information Table S6). 3a, 44,45,46,47 Gram-positive organisms were grown in tryptic soy broth media (TSB), while Gramnegative organisms were grown in lysogeny Broth (LB), as described by us previously. 45 MIC and MBC Determination Assays.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combinatorial Libraries As a Tool for the Discovery of Novel, Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Agents Targeting the ESKAPE Pathogens

Fleeman¹,

LaVoi

Santos

et al. 2015

J. Med. Chem.

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Mixture based synthetic combinatorial libraries offer a tremendous enhancement for the rate of drug discovery, allowing the activity of millions of compounds to be assessed through the testing of exponentially fewer samples. In this study, we used a scaffold-ranking library to screen 37 different libraries for antibacterial activity against the ESKAPE pathogens. Each library contained between 10000 and 750000 structural analogues for a total of >6 million compounds. From this, we identified a bis-cyclic guanidine library that displayed strong antibacterial activity. A positional scanning library for these compounds was developed and used to identify the most effective functional groups at each variant position. Individual compounds were synthesized that were broadly active against all ESKAPE organisms at concentrations <2 μM. In addition, these compounds were bactericidal, had antibiofilm effects, showed limited potential for the development of resistance, and displayed almost no toxicity when tested against human lung cells and erythrocytes. Using a murine model of peritonitis, we also demonstrate that these agents are highly efficacious in vivo.

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Use of genome sequencing to assess nucleotide structure variation of Staphylococcus aureus strains cultured in spaceflight on Shenzhou-X, under simulated microgravity and on the ground

Guo

Han

Zhang

et al. 2015

Microbiological Research

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The extreme environment of space could affect microbial behavior and may increase the risk of infectious disease during spaceflight. However, the molecular genetic changes of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in response to the spaceflight environment have not been fully clarified. In the present study, we determined the draft genome sequences for an ancestral S. aureus strain (LCT-SAO) isolated from a clinical sample and three derivative strains, LCT-SAS, LCT-SAM and LCT-SAG, cultured in parallel during the spaceflight Shenzhou-X, under simulated microgravity and on the ground, respectively. To evaluate the impact of short-term spaceflight on the MRSA strains, comparative genomic analysis was implemented. Genome-based mapping of toxin genes and antibiotic resistance genes confirmed that these strains have the conventional pathogenicity and resistance to drugs, as none of the strains showed significant changes in these regions after culturing in the three different environments; this result suggests that spaceflight may not change bacterial virulence or drug resistance. Thirty-nine strain-specific sequence variants (SVs) were identified throughout the genomes, and the three derivatives exhibited almost the same mutation rates. Fifty-nine percent of SVs were located in the intergenic regions of the genomes, indicating that S. aureus may have an extremely robust repair mechanism responsible for recognizing and repairing DNA replication mismatches. It is noteworthy that strain LCT-SAS, cultured in space, presented the most unique SVs (n=9) and shared the fewest SVs with LCT-SAM (n=5) and LCT-SAG (n=4). Furthermore, we identified 10 potential deletion regions and 2 potential insertion regions, with LCT-SAS appearing more fragile than other strains by this measure. These results suggest that the environment of space is inherently complicated, with multiple variables, and cannot be simulated in a simple manner. Our results represent the first analysis of nucleotide structure variation of S. aureus strains in a spaceflight environment and also provide a valuable insight for understanding the mutation strategies of MRSA on earth.

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Draft Genome Sequence of Strain CBD-635, a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA100 Isolate

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Intestinal Epithelial Wnt Signaling Mediates Acetylcholine-Triggered Host Defense against Infection

Intestinal Epithelial Wnt Signaling Mediates Acetylcholine-Triggered Host Defense against Infection

Combinatorial Libraries As a Tool for the Discovery of Novel, Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Agents Targeting the ESKAPE Pathogens

Use of genome sequencing to assess nucleotide structure variation of Staphylococcus aureus strains cultured in spaceflight on Shenzhou-X, under simulated microgravity and on the ground

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