DRAINMOD: Model Use, Calibration, and Validation

Skaggs, R. W.; Youssef, Mohamed A.; Chescheir, G. M.

doi:10.13031/2013.42259

Cited by 192 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Calibration and verification of the model was performed according to the procedure described by Skaggs et al [47]. At this stage, measurement data from the growing season of 2000 were used.…”

Section: Model Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Water Management in Agriculture—The Impact of Drainage Water Management on Groundwater Table Dynamics and Subsurface Outflow

et al. 2019

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The paper presents the results of the effects of control drainage (CD) on the groundwater table and subsurface outflow in Central Poland. The hydrologic model DRAINMOD was used to simulate soil water balance with drain spacing of 7 and 14 m, different initial groundwater Table 40, 60 and 80 cm b.s.l., and dates at the beginning of control drainage of 1 March, 15 March, 1 April, and 15 April. The CD restricts flow at the drain outlet to maintain a water table during the growing season. Simulations were made for the periods from March to September for the years 2014, 2017, and 2018, which were average, wet, and dry, respectively. The simulations showed a significant influence of the initial groundwater tables and date blocking the outflow from the drainage network on the obtained results. In the conditions of central Poland, the use of CD is rational only when it is started between 1 and 15 March. In this case, the groundwater table can be increased from 10 to 33 cm (7 m spacing) and from 10 to 41 cm (14 m spacing) in relation to the conventional system (free drainage-FD). In the case of blocking the outflow on 1 March, the reduction is about 80% on average in the period from March to September. With a delay in blocking the outflow, the impact of CDs decreases and ranges from 8% to 50%. Studies have shown that the proper use of the drainage network infrastructure complies with the idea of sustainable development, as it allows efficient water management, by reduction of the outflow and, thus, nitrates from agricultural areas. Furthermore, CD solutions can contribute to mitigating the effects of climate change on agriculture by reducing drought and flood risk.Sustainability 2019, 11, 4201 2 of 18 water users to be affected by the consequences of climate change in different way [5]. Consequently, this will lead to exacerbated competition among water users and sectors [6].One of the main challenges for sustainable development is the adaptation of national economies to climate change. Most often, climate change adaptation projects in Poland are carried out in cities and areas subject to urban sprawl [7][8][9]. Agriculture is a key sector for food supply, and its functioning depends largely on access to water. It is, therefore, necessary to take various actions to protect this sector of national economies against climate change. The most frequently asked question is whether and to what extent it is possible to take action in the adaptation of agriculture to climate change while maintaining high environmental standards and accounting for the acceptance of society and economic balance.The greatest scope for the mitigation of the effects of climate change is in improving adaptive capacity and responding to changes in water demands [10]. Agricultural subsurface drainage, popularly known as tile drainage, is an essential water management practice in agricultural regions with seasonal high groundwater tables [11]. Around 193.9 × 10 6 ha of arable land, and permanent crops have been drained around the world. In 30 countries, th...

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Section: Model Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Water Management in Agriculture—The Impact of Drainage Water Management on Groundwater Table Dynamics and Subsurface Outflow

et al. 2019

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“…These calibration philosophies are shown in figure 1 and discussed in detail by the authors. Daggupati et al (2015) recommend using warm-up (initialization) periods of two to three years for hydrology and five to ten years for sediment and nutrients based on rec- (Flerchinger et al, 2012); MIKE SHE (Jaber and Shukla, 2012); DRAINMOD (Skaggs et al, 2012). 2.…”

Section: Key Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrologic and Water Quality Models: Key Calibration and Validation Topics

Moriasi¹,

Zeckoski²,

Arnold³

et al. 2015

Trans. ASABE

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ABSTRACT. As a continuation of efforts to provide a common background and platform for development of calibration and validation (C/V) guidelines for hydrologic and water quality (H/WQ) modeling, ASABE members worked to determine critical topics related to model C/V, perform a synthesis of a previously published special collection of articles and other relevant literature, and provide topic-specific recommendations based on the synthesis as well as personal modeling expertise. This article introduces a special collection of nine research articles covering key topics related to calibration and validation of H/WQ models. The topics include: terminology, hydrologic processes and model representationydrologic and water quality (H/WQ) models consist of interrelated assemblages of mathematical equations that represent complex physical, chemical, and biological processes governing the hydrology and fate and transport of sediments, nutrients, pesticides, and bacteria. H/WQ models are widely used to evaluate the impacts of changes in land use, land management, climate, and conservation practices on soil and water resources. Reliable models provide valuable information for making sound management, policy, and regulatory decisions. Comprehensive calibration and validation (C/V) of models is essential to obtain the "right outcomes" for the "right reasons" (Holling, 1978;Kirchner, 2006). Important components of proper C/V include selecting an appropriate model, setting up the model properly, establishing valid C/V strategies (Refsgaard and Henriksen, 2004), and capturing available datasets to represent the appropriate spatial and temporal scales (Kirchner, 2006).H/WQ models are valuable because they represent processes operating at various spatial and temporal scales simultaneously in a complex and interrelated manner. For example, the hydrology component of the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM; Ahuja et al., 2000) consists of interrelated hydrologic processes such as precipitation (including rainfall, snow, or irrigation), evaporation and transpiration (ET), surface runoff, infiltration, percolation, lateral flow, streamflow, and groundwater. However, no matter how detailed a model, it remains a simplification of the natural system in which some processes are characterized by rates and thresholds whose values are unknown. Be- cause many model parameters are typically available for calibration, the mere fitting of modeling results to observed data may result in good statistics of model performance but poor correspondence to the actual processes that the model is intended to represent. In such a case, a good fit is obtained for the wrong reasons. Application of such results can lead to incorrect conclusions with negative consequences (Dressel, 2010). The use of proper C/V practices can help prevent this circumstance while also allowing for a common foundation for interpretation of results and their comparison with other modeling studies (Refsgaard and Henriksen, 2004;Douglas-Mankin et al., 2010;Tuppad et al., 2011).Resear...

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“…When ISMAX is 0, SSTMAXD is allowed to be defined by the user, while when ISMAX is 1, SSTAMXD is dynamically calculated based on rainfall and tillage practices (Moriasi et al, 2005;Moriasi et al, 2012). In this study, ISMAX was set as 0 and SSTMAXD was set as 12 mm, based on the previous DRAINMOD (Skaggs et al, 2012) and SWAT studies (Boles et al, 2015). DRAIN_CO, the amount of water drains in 24 h, was set as 20 mm day −1 , describing the size of the main collector drain pipes and the outlet (Sui and Frankenberger, 2008).…”

Section: Parameter Adjustments Before Model Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of performance of tile drainage routines in SWAT 2009 and 2012 in an extensively tile-drained watershed in the Midwest

Guo

Gitau

Merwade

et al. 2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Subsurface tile drainage systems are widely used in agricultural watersheds in the Midwestern US and enable the Midwest area to become highly productive agricultural lands, but can also create environmental problems, for example nitrate-N contamination associated with drainage waters. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been used to model watersheds with tile drainage. SWAT2012 revisions 615 and 645 provide new tile drainage routines. However, few studies have used these revisions to study tile drainage impacts at both field and watershed scales. Moreover, SWAT2012 revision 645 improved the soil moisture based curve number calculation method, which has not been fully tested. This study used long-term (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003) field site and river station data from the Little Vermilion River (LVR) watershed to evaluate performance of tile drainage routines in SWAT2009 revision 528 (the old routine) and SWAT2012 revisions 615 and 645 (the new routine). Both the old and new routines provided reasonable but unsatisfactory (NSE < 0.5) uncalibrated flow and nitrate loss results for a mildly sloped watershed with low runoff. The calibrated monthly tile flow, surface flow, nitrate-N in tile and surface flow, sediment and annual corn and soybean yield results from SWAT with the old and new tile drainage routines were compared with observed values. Generally, the new routine provided acceptable simulated tile flow (NSE = 0.48-0.65) and nitrate in tile flow (NSE = 0.48-0.68) for field sites with random pattern tile and constant tile spacing, while the old routine simulated tile flow and nitrate in tile flow results for the field site with constant tile spacing were unacceptable (NSE = 0.00-0.32 and −0.29-0.06, respectively). The new modified curve number calculation method in revision 645 (NSE = 0.50-0.81) better simulated surface runoff than revision 615 (NSE = −0.11-0.49). The calibration provided reasonable parameter sets for the old and new routines in the LVR watershed, and the validation results showed that the new routine has the potential to accurately simulate hydrologic processes in mildly sloped watersheds.

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DRAINMOD: Model Use, Calibration, and Validation

Cited by 192 publications

References 32 publications

Sustainable Water Management in Agriculture—The Impact of Drainage Water Management on Groundwater Table Dynamics and Subsurface Outflow

Sustainable Water Management in Agriculture—The Impact of Drainage Water Management on Groundwater Table Dynamics and Subsurface Outflow

Hydrologic and Water Quality Models: Key Calibration and Validation Topics

Comparison of performance of tile drainage routines in SWAT 2009 and 2012 in an extensively tile-drained watershed in the Midwest

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