Dramatic effect of black soldier fly larvae on fungal community in a compost

Кузнецова, Т. А.; Vecherskii, Maksim V; Khayrullin, David R; Stepan’kov, A. A.; Maximova, Irina A.; Качалкин, А. В.; Ушакова, Н. А.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.11601

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although the microbial composition may change in this type of environment through time due to the composting process ( Jiang et al 2019 ), we found constancy in the dominance of Candida in most of the environments and larval guts. These results contradict previous analyses of the gut fungal community composition of BSF larvae that were fed on agricultural waste ( Boccazzi et al 2017 , Tanga et al 2021 ) and of the community composition of the compost environment that was treated with BSF ( Kuznetsova et al 2021 ). In these cases, the most abundant fungal genera in the BSF were Pichia and Cyberlindnera , which were not abundant in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have analyzed the fungal composition of BSF larvae; most of them studied laboratory colonies that were reared on different diets ( Boccazzi et al 2017 , Kuznetsova et al 2021 , Tanga et al 2021 ). This study presents a novel insight into the fungal composition of the BSF larval gut and its environment from samples that were collected from natural habitats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Fungal Diversity and Abundance in the Black Soldier Fly and its Environment

Vitenberg

Opatovsky

2022

Journal of Insect Science

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Detritivorous insects that flourish in decaying environments encounter microorganisms throughout their life cycle. However, it is not clear whether the microbial composition of the decaying environment affects the microbial composition of the insect gut, or whether the opposite is true, with the microorganisms that are adapted to the insect’s digestive system being dispersed by the insects to new habitats, thereby becoming more and more common in the environment. To test these questions the fungal composition of the black soldier fly (BSF) (Stratiomyidae; Hermetia illucens Linnaeus) larval gut and its surrounding decaying environment (household compost bins) were analyzed using amplicon sequencing. Constancy in the dominance of the genus Candida (Debaryomycetaceae) in most of the environments and larval guts was found. This finding may suggest a ‘core’ structure to the fungal community of the BSF. In locations where nutrient composition of the environment had higher fiber content, the Candida was not dominant and the most common fungi were the genus Gibberella (Nectriaceae) and the family Dipodascaceae. The later was dominant also in the larval gut and the former was replaced with Meyerozyma (Debaryomycetaceae), which may suggest a selection process by the insect’s gut. Little is known about the ecological interactions of insects with eukaryotic microorganisms, such as yeast-like fungi. As their metabolic complexity and ability is intense, they have the potential to dramatically affect the physiological condition of the insect.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Fungal Diversity and Abundance in the Black Soldier Fly and its Environment

Vitenberg

Opatovsky

2022

Journal of Insect Science

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“…Although the microbial composition may change in the environment through time due to the composting process (17), the dominant fungal genus in most of the environments and larval guts was Candida. These results contradict previous analyses of the gut mycobiome composition of BSF larvae that were fed on agricultural waste (13) and of the mycobiome composition of the compost environment that was treated with BSF (18). In these cases, the most abundant fungal genus in BSF was Pichia , which was not an abundant genus in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The connection between the gut mycobiome community of natural black soldier fly populations and their environment

Vitenberg¹,

Martin²,

Opatovsky³

2022

Preprint

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In contrast to interactions between prokaryotic organisms (e.g. bacteria) and insects, an understanding of the interactions between eukaryotic microorganisms (e.g. fungi) and insects is lacking. In this study, black soldier fly larvae were collected from natural populations in household composts. The mycobiome composition of the larval gut and environment was identified using next generation sequencing. The nutrient composition of the larvae's environment was analyzed. The mycobiome composition was divided into three groups: the first included larvae from Kfar HaHoresh that comprised mostly Meyerozyma and were influenced by the fiber and carbohydrate composition of the compost; the second included the compost samples from Kfar HaHoresh and Misgav Am that mainly comprised the Dipodascaceae family and were influenced by the fiber composition of the compost. The third group contained all the remaining compost and larvae samples and mainly comprised the genus Candida. Candida spp. are the most common in the environment and may thus affect their abundance in the insect gut. However, this species may be adapted to the insect’s gut, providing the insect with a benefit that allows the insect to disperse Candida to new resource patches and thereby help increase its abundance in the environment. In cases where dominant species are not present, it seems that the important factor determining fungal composition in the insect gut is its diet. Understanding the metabolic effect of fungi, e.g. Candida, on the BSF larvae is still a black box which requires further study.

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“…The study by Tanga et al (2021) proposed Pichia as a prevalent genus in BSFL guts across different diets including brewery waste. Furthermore, Kuznetsova et al (2021) reported that Pichia and Diutina dominated (99.9%) the residues after rearing BSFL for 5 days on food waste. We found Pichia to be present in BR, but only in low abundances (<0.1%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residues from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae rearing influence the plant-associated soil microbiome in the short term

et al. 2022

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The larvae of the black soldier fly (BSFL, Hermetia illucens) efficiently close resource cycles. Next to the nutrient-rich insect biomass used as animal feed, the residues from the process are promising plant fertilizers. Besides a high nutrient content, the residues contain a diverse microbial community and application to soil can potentially promote soil fertility and agricultural production through the introduction of beneficial microbes. This research assessed the application of the residues on plant-associated bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of a grass-clover mix in a 42-day greenhouse pot study. Potted soil was amended with BSFL residues (BR+) or conventional compost (CC+) produced by Rwandan waste management companies in parallel to residues and compost sterilized (BR-, CC-) by high-energy electron beam (HEEB) as abiotic controls. The fertilizers were applied at a rate of 150 kg N ha−1. Soil bacterial and fungal communities in both fertilizer and soil were assessed by high-throughput sequencing of ribosomal markers at different times after fertilizer application. Additionally, indicators for soil fertility such as basal respiration, plant yield and soil physicochemical properties were analyzed. Results showed that the application of BSFL residues influenced the soil microbial communities, and especially fungi, stronger than CC fertilizers. These effects on the microbial community structure could partly be attributed to a potential introduction of microbes to the soil by BSFL residues (e.g., members of genus Bacillus) since untreated and sterilized BSFL residues promoted different microbial communities. With respect to the abiotic effects, we emphasize a potential driving role of particular classes of organic matter like fiber and chitin. Indeed, especially taxa associated with decomposition of organic matter (e.g., members of the fungal genus Mortierella) were promoted by the application of BSFL residues. Soil fertility with respect to plant yield (+17% increase compared to unamended control) and basal respiration (+16% increase compared to unamended control) tended to be improved with the addition of BSFL residues. Findings underline the versatile opportunities for soil fertility arising from the application of BSFL residues in plant production and point to further research on quantification of the described effects.

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Dramatic effect of black soldier fly larvae on fungal community in a compost

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Assessing Fungal Diversity and Abundance in the Black Soldier Fly and its Environment

Assessing Fungal Diversity and Abundance in the Black Soldier Fly and its Environment

The connection between the gut mycobiome community of natural black soldier fly populations and their environment

Residues from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae rearing influence the plant-associated soil microbiome in the short term

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