“…This is attained by special blasting methods. This is why, the theoretical and practical research of rock breaking by borehole charges are continued, including physical and mathematical modeling (Ghiasi et al, 2016;Duan et al, 2015;Kutuzov & Tyupin, 2017;Moldovan et al, 2017;Ofoegbu & Smart, 2019;Silva et al, 2019;Vokhmin et al, 2015;Yan et al, 2015). The blasting for a buffer of earlier blasted rock mass or the blasting in an absolutely pressed medium (for monolithic massif) have become widespread practices in open-cut mining.…”