Drilling into the functional significance of stereopsis: the impact of stereoscopic information on surgical performance

Al‐Saud, Loulwa M.; Mushtaq, Faisal; Mirghani, Isra'a; Balkhoyor, Ahmed; Keeling, Andrew; Manogue, Michael; Mon-Williams, Mark

doi:10.1111/opo.12393

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This study draws attention to the fact that both worlds express some differences in the spatial representation of CT image data. This result is all the more important as more and more studies are presenting simulators for training purposes [22][23][24] . These differences must be taken into account in the future, as instruments may be rendered incorrectly and implants may be placed in the wrong position, particularly if surgery is required deep inside the orbit, which is difficult to access in the physical world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validation of virtual reality orbitometry bridges digital and physical worlds

Maloca

Faludi

Żelechowski

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Clinical science and medical imaging technology are traditionally displayed in two dimensions (2D) on a computer monitor. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) expands the realm of 2D image visualization, enabling an immersive VR experience with unhindered spatial interaction by the user. Thus far, analysis of data extracted from VR applications was mainly qualitative. In this study, we enhance VR and provide evidence for quantitative VR research by validating digital VR display of computed tomography (CT) data of the orbit. Volumetric CT data were transferred and rendered into a VR environment. Subsequently, seven graders performed repeated and blinded diameter measurements. the intergrader variability of the measurements in VR was much lower compared to measurements in the physical world and measurements were reasonably consistent with their corresponding elements in the real context. The overall VR measurements were 5.49% higher. As such, this study attests the ability of VR to provide similar quantitative data alongside the added benefit of VR interfaces. VR entails a lot of potential for the future research in ophthalmology and beyond in any scientific field that uses three-dimensional data. Orbital tumors can either be primary, arising from structures within the orbit, or secondary, due to metastatic spread of a primary tumor elsewhere 1-3. A myriad of clinical findings suggest the presence of an orbital mass, namely proptosis, diplopia, pain, conjunctival congestion and varying degrees of visual loss 4,5. Diagnosis relies on adequate clinical examination and orbital imaging like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computed tomography (CT) 6. Despite the great progress in medical imaging, the diagnosis of orbital lesions based on neuroimaging features may lack characteristic imaging features. Often, the diagnosis of specific orbital disorders such as Graves' disease associated orbitopathy, orbital inflammation, orbital lymphoma, lacrimal gland epithelial tumor, metastatic carcinoma, and vascular orbital lesions is ambiguous 7-10. Confirmation of the diagnosis frequently relies on a biopsy which can be technically challenging and prone to complications due to the dense arrangement of tissue or inaccessibility of many of these lesions 11. Visualization of orbital lesions is still based on pre-surgery image assessment of two-dimensional (2D) data visualization on a computer monitor or on intraoperative exploration 12,13. There are increasing possibilities for presentation and interaction with virtual reality 14. In this context, virtual reality (VR) has recently been optimized as an enhanced medical image display method and showed to safeguard visual comfort 15,16. The main objective of this study was to extend current medical image display and validate the level of spatial precision in orbitometry of CT data, representing the physical world, compared to precision in three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality for the first time. This is especially important when new ways are explored to use ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Validation of virtual reality orbitometry bridges digital and physical worlds

Maloca

Faludi

Żelechowski

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Few studies looked at the visual characteristics and their effect on skill performance in haptic simulators, including the impact of three dimensional vision 56 and the value of stereoscopic information and depth perception 57 . Dental students were reported to show superior performance in binocular viewing (3D vision) relative to bi‐ocular viewing (2D) in a manual dexterity exercise.…”

Section: Research Themes Of the Reviewed Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utility of haptic simulation in early restorative dental training: A scoping review

Al‐Saud

2020

Journal of Dental Education

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Background Haptic dental simulators are becoming increasingly available in dental schools around the world; however, there is a paucity of evidence on their pedagogical effectiveness particularly in early dental training for the acquisition of the highly specific fine motor dental skills. Methods A scoping review was performed to broadly map the available evidence and to detect knowledge gaps on the utility of haptic dental simulation in early dental training. The review is reported using the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. Eight bibliographic databases were searched: Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane library, CENTRAL, ERIC, IEEE Xplore, and TRIP. Charted data were reported by clustering results according to study characteristics, research themes, research purpose, and type of validity evidence identified. Results The review process resulted in the inclusion of 36 studies published between 2009 and 2020. The majority of the studies were cross‐sectional in design with short‐term evaluation data. Of the studies included, 64% investigated commercially available haptic simulators, while 36% investigated experimental haptic simulators. The research themes identified were skill acquisition and transfer, task‐specific haptic training, trainee level discrimination, feedback, subjective user evaluation, performance prediction, and human factors in haptic training. Conclusion Short‐term evaluation evidence from reviewed studies indicates the usefulness of the haptic simulators in early dental training. They complement the existing phantom head simulators by offering qualitatively different features. Further empirical research is needed to investigate the long‐term impact of training with haptic dental simulators, to improve the availability of validation evidence and to enhance the results generalizability.

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“…Also, future studies could possibly refine instrument tracking to objectively assess surgical performance. Target overshoot, air drilling and drilling depth, distance covered and number of movements all have previously been used . The present study was the first to use average velocity to assess surgical efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of three‐dimensional visualisation on performance in endoscopic sinus surgery: A clinical training study using surgical navigation for movement analysis in a randomised crossover design

Dam

Helder

Laan

et al. 2020

Clinical Otolaryngology

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Objectives Endoscopic imaging techniques and endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) expertise have evolved rapidly. Only few studies have assessed the effect of three‐dimensional (3D) endoscopy on endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The present study aimed to objectively and subjectively assess the additional value of 3D high‐definition (HD) endoscopy in ESS. Design A randomized crossover study of endoscopic surgery performance, using five ESS tasks of varying complexity, performed on Thiel embalmed human specimens. Setting Simulated surgical environment. Participants Thirty participants, inexperienced in ESS. Main outcome measures Performance was assessed using video imaging, surgical navigation and questionnaires. Main outcome measures were as follows: efficiency (defined by time to task completion), distance covered inside the nose, average velocity towards target, accuracy (measured by error rate), and subjective assessment of endoscope characteristics. Results During ESS tasks, both efficiency and accuracy did not differ significantly between 2D HD and 3D HD endoscopy. Subjectively, imaging characteristics of the 3D HD endoscope were rated significantly better. Conclusions ESS performance of inexperienced participants was not significantly improved by the use of 3D HD endoscopy during ESS tasks, although imaging characteristics of the 3D HD endoscope were rated significantly better. Surgical field characteristics and surgical techniques are likely to influence any additional value of 3D HD endoscopy.

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Drilling into the functional significance of stereopsis: the impact of stereoscopic information on surgical performance

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Validation of virtual reality orbitometry bridges digital and physical worlds

Validation of virtual reality orbitometry bridges digital and physical worlds

The utility of haptic simulation in early restorative dental training: A scoping review

The effect of three‐dimensional visualisation on performance in endoscopic sinus surgery: A clinical training study using surgical navigation for movement analysis in a randomised crossover design

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