Drinking water quality: Comparing inorganic components in bottled water and Italian tap water

Cidu, Rosa; Frau, Franco; Tore, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2010.08.005

Cited by 127 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…But three samples from Minhe, Qinghai province, contained significantly high As concentrations (22-100 µg/L). These samples were collected from mineral spring water sites and thus the enrichment of As might be a result of water-rock interaction processes [45]. Indeed, Qinghai is one of the provinces that suffer contamination by high-arsenic water.…”

Section: Trace Metal Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Health-Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Raw and Boiled Drinking Water from Rural Areas of China

Man

Sun

et al. 2018

Water

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Abstract:In order to assess the exposure of rural residents to trace metals via drinking water ingestion, 222 drinking water samples of rural areas from 8 provinces in China were collected and 18 trace metals analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-QMS). Based on metal concentrations, the health-risk assessment such as chronic daily intakes (CDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) were calculated. Results showed that most metals occurred in the drinking water at very low concentrations, indicating a general good quality, while the concentrations of As, Pb and Zn in some samples from Qinghai, Yunnan and Hunan provinces were higher than World Health Organization (WHO) and Chinese guidelines for drinking water. The values of CDI and HQ indicated a negligible health risk for most Chinese rural residents via drinking water. However, high concentrations of As in drinking water from Qinghai province would pose a serious risk to the local inhabitants. More attention and intensive study should be paid to Zn, Pb and As contents.

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Section: Trace Metal Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Health-Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Raw and Boiled Drinking Water from Rural Areas of China

Man

Sun

et al. 2018

Water

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“…Moreover, 66% (37 samples) of the tap water samples display concentrations above 10 mg/L. For comparison: concentrations above 10 mg/L occurred only in 20% of public tap water in Italy (Cidu et al, 2011). 9% (5 samples) of the Beijing tap water samples exceed the standard value up to more than 4 times with concentrations between 45.8 and 182.7 mg/L.…”

Section: No 3 − Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Geochemical and multiple stable isotope (N, O, S) investigation on tap and bottled water from Beijing, China

Peters

Guo

Strauß

et al. 2015

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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In the present study we investigated Beijing tap water from urban and suburban areas as well as bottled water from Beijing supermarkets with a focus on selected anions (Cl − , NO 3 − , SO 4 2− , F − ), metals and trace elements (Al, As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V, Zn), in order to reveal the degree of anthropogenic pollution and the ability of both water types to serve as a safe drinking water source. S sulfate ) analyses on Beijing tap water for the identification of specific pollution sources. 27% of the analyzed tap water samples show one or more constituents above the national guideline limits. 9% of the samples reveal concentrations above the NO 3 − limit, while 5% exceed the standard value for As, which makes this tap water unsuitable for daily consumption due to a serious health risk, especially for children and babies. The median concentrations of most analyzed compounds are significantly higher in Beijing tap water compared to European countries. Concentration and isotope data for tap water indicate urban sewage as the major origin of anthropogenic pollutants probably released by leaking wastewater pipes to the local groundwater as the principal tap water source. The results suggest industrial emissions and As-rich alluvial deposits as further but minor pollutant sources. In contrast, bottled water exhibits exclusively concentrations below the standard values and clearly lower median values compared to Beijing tap water. Hence, bottled water can be recommended as a valuable alternative to Beijing tap water, especially in areas where the pollutant levels in tap water are high. Moreover, the results reveal the problematic groundwater situation in Beijing and demonstrate the advantages of a combined geochemical and multiple isotope approach in order to uncover complex pollution mechanisms in metropolitan areas.

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“…Many people are convinced that tap water is not good to drink, and bottled is perceived as safer, healthier and of better quality; however, there is no proof to confirm this [10,11]. Indeed, bottled water is not always better in quality than tap water, and the population's fear about public piped water is not justifiable [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Mineral Element Content of Public Drinking Fountains and Bottled Water: A Case Study of Ferrara City

Giuseppe

2017

Geosciences

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Mineral elements are essential nutrients for humans and play important roles in many human physiological and bio-chemical processes. In this study, a comparison between the levels of mineral elements present in the water of public drinking fountains (PDRF) and in bottled water was carried out. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of PDRF as a mineral supplement, compared to the low-mineral bottled water for out-door non-competitive activity, such as jogging. The city of Ferrara was chosen as the study site. It has ancient walls and on their top there is a gravel road that people use for jogging and walking. Along the road, there are two public drinking fountains that are always used. Water from these fountains was sampled and analysed for major cations and anions using ionic chromatography. Data analyses were compared with the same analyses carried out on bottled water usually used by joggers. Results showed that fountains are a valid substitute of bottled water as they have a moderate content of mineral elements. During outdoor sport activity, the water from fountains is preferable for the reintegration of mineral elements, instead of bottled water that has a very low quantity of minerals.

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Drinking water quality: Comparing inorganic components in bottled water and Italian tap water

Cited by 127 publications

References 34 publications

Occurrence and Health-Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Raw and Boiled Drinking Water from Rural Areas of China

Occurrence and Health-Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Raw and Boiled Drinking Water from Rural Areas of China

Geochemical and multiple stable isotope (N, O, S) investigation on tap and bottled water from Beijing, China

Comparison of the Mineral Element Content of Public Drinking Fountains and Bottled Water: A Case Study of Ferrara City

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