Drip Irrigation Design and Evaluation Based on the Statistical Uniformity Concept

Bralts, Vincent F.; Edwards, D. M.; Wu, I-Pai

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-024304-4.50005-5

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Evaluating the uniformity of water distribution in the field has been a bottleneck faced by many researchers. Previous research Gitlin, 1973, 1974;Karmeli and Keller, 1975;Bralts et al, 1981Bralts et al, , 1986Bralts et al, , 1987Bralts and Edwards, 1986;Keller and Bliesner, 1990;Zheng and Ning, 1991;Juana et al, 2004) indicates that uniformity criteria should be considered in the flow variation that is included in the manufacturer's discharge variation and the hydraulic variation due to head loss and elevation differences in irrigated areas. Karmeli and Keller (1975) built the emission uniformity concept.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Drip irrigation lateral design procedure based on emission uniformity and field microtopography

Zhu

Merkley

et al. 2010

Irrigation and Drainage

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Field microtopography, hydraulic variation of the emitter, and manufacturing variation of emitters were analyzed to study their influence on the uniformity of drip irrigation system water application. The manufacturing coefficient in the emitter flow equation is taken as a random variable that represents the emitter manufacturing variation. Uneven field microtopography resulting in emitter pressure and flow variations is also considered as a random variable. Microtopography and the manufacturing coefficient that are assumed to follow a normal distribution were generated with a computer code. The rate of emitter discharge variation, the coefficient of discharge variation, and Christiansen's coefficient of uniformity were calculated for drip irrigation systems. Finally, the emitter uniformity equation was determined through the statistical analysis of 100 data sets, and a new design method for drip irrigation laterals is proposed. The results indicate that neglecting the microtopography leads to inappropriate design of lateral pipe diameter and length, especially when emitter operating pressures are low. Copyright RÉ SUMÉLa microtopographie, les variations hydrauliques du goutteur, les écarts de fabrication des goutteurs ont été analysés pour étudier leur influence sur l'uniformité du système d'irrigation au goutte-à-goutte. Le coefficient d'usinage dans l'équation hydraulique du goutteur est pris comme une variable aléatoire qui représente les écarts de fabrication du goutteur. La microtopographie inégale résultant en variations de pression et de débit est également considérée comme une variable aléatoire. Ces deux éléments, qui sont supposés suivre une distribution normale, ont été générés avec un code informatique. Le taux de variation de débit du goutteur, et le coefficient d'uniformité de Christiansen ont été calculés pour les systèmes d'irrigation au goutte-à-goutte. Enfin, l'équation d'uniformité du goutteur a été déterminée par l'analyse statistique de 100 jeux de données, et une nouvelle méthode de conception des conduites d'irrigation au goutte-à-goutte est proposée. Les résultats indiquent que négliger la microtopographie conduit à une mauvaise conception du diamètre et de la longueur de la conduite, en particulier lorsque les pressions au goutteur sont faibles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Drip irrigation lateral design procedure based on emission uniformity and field microtopography

Zhu

Merkley

et al. 2010

Irrigation and Drainage

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“…It was computed using the modified form of Wilcox and Swailes (1947) equation proposed by Bralts et al (1987) for drip irrigation system:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, June 2009, all in one file.

JAS¹

2009

JAS

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“…De los diferentes sistemas de riego, el riego por goteo es el que cuenta con las mayores eficiencias de aplicación, y en general las pérdidas de agua pueden reducirse sustancialmente cuando el sistema está bien diseñado, operado y mantenido (Bralts et al, 1987). El riego por goteo es un sistema que utiliza mangueras de presión con unos emisores de diferentes formas, por donde entrega el agua gota a gota, lo más cerca a la raíz de la planta, formando un bulbo de humectación con humedad constante (Silva et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluación de tres programas de fertilización edáfica en el cultivo de la cebolla de rama en la cuenca media del río Ótun

Puerta

Gómez-Posada

2017

Intropica

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RESUMENTradicionalmente, el cultivo de cebolla de rama en el municipio de Pereira-Risaralda (cuenca media del rio Otún) ha empleado el estiércol sin compostar, procedente de explotaciones avícolas, como fuente de fertilizante. Esta práctica genera un impacto negativo tanto al cultivo como al medio ambiente ya que favorece la aparición de plagas y enfermedades, la contaminación de suelos y aguas y la proliferación de mosca doméstica que afecta la salud de los pobladores de la zona. Este trabajo se realizó en parcelas de productores, bajo la estrategia de investigación participativa, y su objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de tres programas de fertilización alternativa, empleando como testigo la fertilización tradicional con gallinaza sin compostar. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de Bloques Completos al Azar con tres repeticiones y evaluación en tres ciclos continuos de producción. De acuerdo con los resultados, la aplicación de gallinaza sin compostar puede ser reemplazada con la implementación de un programa adecuado de fertirriego y obtener niveles de producción similares (20,5 y 19,1 t ha -1 respectivamente). La rentabilidad del cultivo fue mayor con el tratamiento de fertilizantes químicos sólidos aplicados al suelo (34,0 %) respecto a la aplicación de gallinaza sin compostar (23,7 %). La rentabilidad del tratamiento fertirriego fue 19,1% y estuvo afectada por los altos costos de su implementación. El tratamiento con abono compostado presentó la producción y la rentabilidad más bajas con 18,7 t ha -1 y 16,8 %, respectivamente.PALABRAS CLAVE: fertigación; abonos orgánicos; compostados; productividad; rendimiento ABSTRACTTraditionally in scallion cultivation in the middle basin of the Otún River in the municipality of Pereira Risaralda, unmanufactured manure from poultry farms has been used as a fertilizer source. This practice has a negative impact on both the crop and the environment, since it favors the appearance of pests and diseases in the crop, the contamination of soils and water and the proliferation of domestic fly that affects the health of the residents of the area. This work was carried out in producer plots under the participative research strategy and its objective was to evaluate the effect of three fertilization programs, using as a control the application of uncooked hen. A randomized complete block experimental design with three replications and evaluation in three continuous cycles of production was used. According to the results, the application of uncooked hen can be replaced with the implementation of an adequate ferti irrigation program and obtain the same production levels, 20.5 and 19.1 t ha -1 respectively. With respect to the yield of the crop, this was greater with the treatment of solid chemical fertilizers applied to the soil 34 % compared to 23.7 % with the application of poultry without composting. The profitability of the fertigation treatment was affected by the high costs of its implementation 19.1 %. The treatment with compost fertilizer presented a low production 18.7 t ha -...

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Drip Irrigation Design and Evaluation Based on the Statistical Uniformity Concept

Cited by 58 publications

References 17 publications

Drip irrigation lateral design procedure based on emission uniformity and field microtopography

Drip irrigation lateral design procedure based on emission uniformity and field microtopography

Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, June 2009, all in one file.

Evaluación de tres programas de fertilización edáfica en el cultivo de la cebolla de rama en la cuenca media del río Ótun

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