Driver Agent for Encouraging Safe Driving Behavior for the Elderly

Tanaka, Takahiro; Fujikake, Kazuhiro; Yonekawa, Takashi; Yamagishi, Masao; Inagami, Makoto; Kinoshita, Fumiya; Aoki, Hirofumi; Kanamori, Hitoshi

doi:10.1145/3125739.3125743

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…• Off-record strategy (ORS) level: DSA does not explicitly state what behavior the user should adopt but uses implicit utterances to give hints. The DSAs in previous studies [1][2][3] applied this level.…”

Section: • Positive Politeness Strategy (Pps) Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…existing video (original video) in which the DSA provides support to the user in a car. The original video was provided by the Nagoya University driver support research project through an agent and was filmed during a test run of DSA on public roads; the DSA was developed based on the results of previous research [2,3]. Tables 1 and 2 show the DSA utterances for each experimental level based on the driving situations in the original video.…”

Section: Englishmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A driving support agent (DSA) is used as an engineering support method for manual driving (Figure 1). Previous studies on DSA [1][2][3] have shown the effectiveness of small dashboard robots, which assist the driver through voice utterances. In addition, research on DSA is a hot topic in the human-agent interaction (HAI) community, and a study of DSA [3] won the Best Paper Award at the International Conference on HAI 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main utterances of previous DSAs [1][2][3] were designed to give implicit instructions to avoid causing discomfort to the user (e.g., the DSA says "there is a pedestrian" and does not specify the driving behaviors the user should perform). According to politeness theory [4], a knowledge in the research field of sociolinguistics and pragmatics, such implicit instruction corresponds to the "hinting" strategy (off-record), which avoids directly communicating intentions to the other party.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to discuss the acceptability of DSA at a finer level, such as the relationship between the acceptability of DSA and the user's personality characteristics, it is necessary to conduct not only an empirical experiment but also an investigation with a large sample size, as in this study. In addition, in this study, the participants of the experiment were native speakers of Japanese, because the need for DSAs is considered to be particularly high in Japan [1][2][3]. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: In Section 2, we describe related work on politeness strategy, politeness in DSAs and other agents, and the relationship between the user's personality characteristics and acceptability of agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Should a Driving Support Agent Provide Explicit Instructions to the User? Video-based Study Focused on Politeness Strategies

Katagami

Tanaka

Kanamori

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction

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Soon, autonomous cars are expected to become widespread, but at present, it is still common for people to drive cars manually. A driving support agent (DSA) is used to support driving using the human-agent interaction approach. In previous research, it was shown that DSAs can be useful in assisting the user through voice utterances. However, previous studies focusing on DSA utterance design have not compared off-record strategies with other politeness strategies that explicitly communicate the speaker's intentions, and it was not clear whether DSA should provide explicit utterances to the user. Therefore, in this study, a video-based subjective evaluation experiment (n=240) was conducted to compare the acceptability of off-record strategies, positive politeness strategies, negative politeness strategies, and direct utterances without politeness strategies. The results of the experiment showed that the negative politeness strategy was evaluated significantly higher than the off-record strategy on evaluation items related to functionality. This result suggests the usefulness of providing explicit instructions with linguistic consideration (politeness) when DSA provides driving assistance to users. In addition to the above findings, there were several correlations between the user's personality characteristics and the subjective evaluation of the DSA. Specifically, there was a significant positive correlation between the level of conscientiousness of the user and the direct utterance evaluation value. For the positive politeness strategy and off-record strategy, there were no significant correlations between evaluation categories of the dislikeability and users' personality characteristics. These results suggest that individual differences in negative impressions due to personality characteristics are small in the positive politeness and off-record strategies.

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Section: • Positive Politeness Strategy (Pps) Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Englishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Should a Driving Support Agent Provide Explicit Instructions to the User? Video-based Study Focused on Politeness Strategies

Katagami

Tanaka

Kanamori

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction

Self Cite

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The effect of in‐vehicle agent embodiment on drivers' perceived usability and cognitive workload: Evidence from subjective reporting, ECG, and fNIRS

Ren,

Guo,

et al. 2024

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

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To improve the interaction between drivers and the in‐vehicle information system (IVIS), various intelligent agents, such as robot agents, virtual agents, and voice‐only agents, have been integrated into vehicles. However, it is not yet clear which type of in‐vehicle agent is best suited to the driving context. This study aims to investigate the effect of in‐vehicle agent embodiment on drivers' perceived usability and cognitive workload. In a within‐subject simulated driving experiment, 22 participants interacted with three different in‐vehicle agents (smartphone agent, robot agent, and virtual agent). Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy and electrocardiogram (ECG) were used to record prefrontal cortex activation and electrical changes associated with cardiac activity during simulated driving, respectively. The results show that the smartphone agent had the lowest perceived usability scores, oxygenated hemoglobin concentration variation (ΔHbO), and maximum ECG signal variation compared to baseline. There were no statistical differences in cognitive workload, perceived usability scores, brain area activation, and ECG signals between the robot agent and the virtual agent. The research findings demonstrate the positive effects of the anthropomorphic appearance of in‐vehicle agents on perceived usability and contribute to improving the design of in‐vehicle intelligent agents.

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