Driver’s Social Relationship Based Clustering and Transmission in Vehicle Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)

Abstract

Clustering is a technique for dividing a network into different group of nodes and managing the transmission of data among the interacting nodes, to improve the effectiveness and safety of information transfer. Clustering have been well studied and applied in traditional mobile networks. However, vehicle networks have short connection time, frequently changing topology, and other unique properties that conventional clustering cannot transfer well. The vehicle nodes in Vehicle Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are most directly affected by the surrounding vehicle nodes and exchanged information with them. However, this will cause network congestion or even the spread of malicious messages. The inclusion of vehicle’s (driver’s) social relationships in vehicle communication clustering will increase the degree of trust between vehicle nodes, making communication more purposeful and accurate. This study proposed a new clustering for vehicle networks that is based on drivers’ social relationship combined with the instantaneous position and speed of the vehicle node. Simulation results showed that this clustering method can improve the effectiveness of information transmission and increase the utilization of the application layer.

Cauchy Density-Based Algorithm for VANETs Clustering in 3D Road Environments

“…The model of generating the acceleration is given by Equations (9)(10)(11). The vehicle velocity after integration in Equation (7) has to be clipped according to the maximum and minimum velocities 𝑉 𝑚𝑎𝑥 and 𝑉 𝑚𝑖𝑛 as shown in Equation ( 12) and (13).…”

Mitigating Broadcasting Storm Using Multihead Nomination Clustering in Vehicular Content Centric Networks

“…Speed s information is used to compare the mobility information of the vehicle. Each neighbor vehicle, which receives the speed information, calculates its speed difference to estimate the stability of the vehicle in the network using Equation (2). The disruptive communication links might be created if the speed difference between two vehicles is higher than the threshold.…”

“…The s vn is the speed of the receiver vehicle and s vi is the speed of the sender vehicle. s = (s vn − s vi ) 2 (2)…”

“…d is calculated using Equation (1). s is a speed evaluated through Equation (2). To calculate the V parameter to select the head vehicle given by Equation (3), some parameters are needed; s, h, c, and d. This value is evaluated by each vehicle in the cluster.…”

“…These next-generation vehicles (smart vehicles) have changed travel experience and communication process. These smart vehicles are talkative nodes and continuously exchange beacon messages with other vehicles [1,2]. In a beacon message, they share vehicle ID, direction, and speed information with the neighbor vehicle.…”