Drivers for the emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne protozoal and bacterial diseases

Harrus, Shimon; Baneth, Gad

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.06.005

Cited by 213 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Changes in ecosystems can also facilitate the transmission of transboundary animal diseases between wild and domestic animals (Harrus and Baneth 2005). A classic example of this is the transmission of the Nipah virus from fruit bats to domestic pigs, and ultimately to humans, in Malaysia in 1999 (Chua 2003).…”

Section: Pests and Diseases In Animals And Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

et al. 2014

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Global food security is one of the most pressing issues for humanity, and agricultural production is critical for achieving this. The existing analyses of specific threats to agricultural food production seldom bring out the contrasts associated with different levels of economic development and different climatic zones. We therefore investigated the same biophysical threats in three modelled types of countries with different economic and climatic conditions. The threats analysed were environmental degradation, climate change and diseases and pests of animals and plants. These threats were analysed with a methodology enabling the associated risks to be compared. The timeframe was 2012-2050 and the analysis was based on three underlying assumptions for 2050: the world population will have increased to 9 billion people, there will be a larger middle class in the world and climate change will be causing more extreme weather events, higher temperatures and altered precipitation. It is suggested that the risks, presented by the biophysical threats analysed, differ among the three modelled types of countries and that climate zone, public stewardship and economic strength are major determinants of these differences. These determinants are far from evenly spread among the world's major food producers, which implies that diversification of risk monitoring and international assessment of agricultural production is critical for assuring global food security in 2050.

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Section: Pests and Diseases In Animals And Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

et al. 2014

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“…The sensitivity of detection of Bartonella, for example, is improved considerably by pre-PCR microbial culture in enrichment medium [48,49]. Such restrictions add complexity to the diagnosis for veterinarians in countries with access to good laboratory support, but these protocols and costs are usually well beyond the means of owners to pay for them in developing countries where the need is arguably higher, and where much remains to be discovered about CVBDs [50]. Finally, since multiple co-infections frequently occur, the diagnosis of one CVBD should immediately raise the clinical suspicion for the presence of other vector-borne pathogens in the dog, and appropriate diagnostic testing should be scheduled.…”

Section: Paradigm 2: Maintain the (Clinical) Vigilancementioning

confidence: 99%

It shouldn’t happen to a dog … or a veterinarian: clinical paradigms for canine vector-borne diseases

Irwin

2014

Trends in Parasitology

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Keywords:Canine, vector-borne diseases, zoonosis, emerging disease, diagnosis, travel medicine, compliance AbstractCanine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) comprise a diverse group of viral, bacterial, protozoal, and helminth pathogens, transmitted predominantly by ticks and fleas, and cause significant health problems for dogs worldwide. Growing numbers of reports indicate that CVBDs are emerging in regions where they previously did not exist and this, combined with pathogens that are inherently difficult to detect, is providing companion animal veterinarians with some significant diagnostic challenges. This review discusses six paradigms concerning the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and zoonotic implications of CVBDs from a veterinary clinical perspective. Veterinarians are the key professionals at the companion animal: human interface. Not only do they provide the traditional medical and surgical services for pets, their training in the disciplines of parasitology, microbiology, epidemiology, and public health place them in a unique position to provide advice about matters pertaining to vector-borne diseases. Despite this, emerging canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) pose a number of significant and complex challenges for veterinarians in clinical practice whose responsibility it is to diagnose and treat these companion animals, while at the same time remaining mindful of the potential for disease transmission to the owners and other people living in close proximity, as well as to other susceptible animals [5]. As will be discussed here, many CVBDs are caused by organisms that are inherently difficult to detect, frequently cause nebulous clinical signs in their canine hosts, and are sometimes zoonotic. In addition, the rapid progress of scientific research in this area itself poses further challenges of how best to distil and disseminate this knowledge to busy veterinary practitioners worldwide at a time when every aspect of clinical practice is becoming more complex. How should practitioners keep current with information in this area so that they can provide appropriate evidence-based advice to their clients?

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“…The ecology and epidemiology of vector-borne diseases are affected by the dynamics between environmental, physical, biological, and socioeconomic factors (Harrus and Baneth 2005;Gage and others 2008) that occur in different spatial and temporal scales (Medina and others 2011). Environmental changes, both anthropic and natural, generate ecological disturbances that intervene in the life cycle and habitats of insect vectors, which, when added to the socioeconomics and behaviors of local populations, may affect the risks of transmission of vector-borne diseases (Patz and others 2000;Harrus and Baneth 2005;Paaijmans and others 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental changes, both anthropic and natural, generate ecological disturbances that intervene in the life cycle and habitats of insect vectors, which, when added to the socioeconomics and behaviors of local populations, may affect the risks of transmission of vector-borne diseases (Patz and others 2000;Harrus and Baneth 2005;Paaijmans and others 2009). For example, the transmission of malaria is determined by climatic factors, behavioral patterns (such as human schedules), and workplaces (Paaijmans and others 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem Research Experience with Two Indigenous Communities of Colombia: The Ecohealth Calendar as a Participatory and Innovative Methodological Tool

2016

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Eco-bio-social factors may increase or decrease a community's susceptibility to vector-borne disease transmission. Traditional studies have contributed information about the association between eco-bio-social factors and health outcomes, but few have provided this information in an integrative way characterizing annual dynamics among indigenous communities. Transdisciplinary research was conducted with the Bari of Karikachaboquira and the Wayú u of Marbacella and El Horno, using qualitative and participatory methods, including seasonal graphics, semi-structured interviews, geo-referencing routes, and participatory observation.The information was triangulated and discussed with local actors in order to validate and complement the results. An ecohealth calendar was obtained for each community, linking the socioecological dynamics to specific diseases, especially malaria. Local dynamics can change, depending on environmental conditions, and these determine the presence or absence of diseases. For both communities, the rainy season is the period with the greatest proliferation of mosquitoes (including Anopheles spp.), during which malaria cases occur. The ecohealth calendar integrates eco-bio-social information from local communities, through participatory and potentially empowering processes, into a comprehensive layout. This can break down the conceptual, demographic, and cultural barriers in the context of community-based interventions and research to action based on an ecosystem framework.

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Drivers for the emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne protozoal and bacterial diseases

Cited by 213 publications

References 82 publications

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

Future threats to agricultural food production posed by environmental degradation, climate change, and animal and plant diseases – a risk analysis in three economic and climate settings

It shouldn’t happen to a dog … or a veterinarian: clinical paradigms for canine vector-borne diseases

Ecosystem Research Experience with Two Indigenous Communities of Colombia: The Ecohealth Calendar as a Participatory and Innovative Methodological Tool

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