Driving on Biomass

Ohlrogge, John B.; Allen, Doug K.; Berguson, Bill; DellaPenna, Dean; Shachar‐Hill, Yair; Stymne, Sten

doi:10.1126/science.1171740

Cited by 153 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There is a pressing need to improve the yield of oil crops to meet the world's growing demand for renewable oils (Lu et al, 2011). It has recently been proposed that a step change in oil yield may be achievable in terrestrial crops if they can be engineered to produce oil in vegetative tissues rather than in seeds (Durrett et al, 2008;Ohlrogge et al, 2009). It has been estimated that, if the perennial biomass crop Miscanthus giganteus produced 20% of its harvestable dry mass as oil, the total oil yield per hectare would be three times that of a conventional oilseed crop such as Brassica napus (Durrett et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

The SUGAR-DEPENDENT1 Lipase Limits Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Vegetative Tissues of Arabidopsis

et al. 2013

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There has been considerable interest recently in the prospect of engineering crops to produce triacylglycerol (TAG) in their vegetative tissues as a means to achieve a step change in oil yield. Here, we show that disruption of TAG hydrolysis in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) lipase mutant sugar-dependent1 (sdp1) leads to a substantial accumulation of TAG in roots and stems but comparatively much lower TAG accumulation in leaves. TAG content in sdp1 roots increases with the age of the plant and can reach more than 1% of dry weight at maturity, a 50-fold increase over the wild type. TAG accumulation in sdp1 roots requires both ACYL-COENZYME A:DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE1 (DGAT1) and PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE: DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE1 and can also be strongly stimulated by the provision of exogenous sugar. In transgenic plants constitutively coexpressing WRINKLED1 and DGAT1, sdp1 also doubles the accumulation of TAG in roots, stems, and leaves, with levels ranging from 5% to 8% of dry weight. Finally, provision of 3% (w/v) exogenous Suc can further boost root TAG content in these transgenic plants to 17% of dry weight. This level of TAG is similar to seed tissues in many plant species and establishes the efficacy of an engineering strategy to produce oil in vegetative tissues that involves simultaneous manipulation of carbohydrate supply, fatty acid synthesis, TAG synthesis, and also TAG breakdown.

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confidence: 99%

The SUGAR-DEPENDENT1 Lipase Limits Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Vegetative Tissues of Arabidopsis

et al. 2013

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“…A long-term goal of Great Lakes Bioenergy is to develop and deploy biofuel cropping systems that are both profitable and environmentally sustainable. To achieve this goal, the Center analyzes the attributes of sustainable biofuel production systems across multiple scales to obtain the knowledge needed to design and deploy scalable systems that meet economic and environmental goals [8,9,11]. The Center has also initiated programs to identify the social or financial incentives needed to adopt bioenergy practices of high economic and environmental benefit [5].…”

Section: Thrust 3: Converting Soluble Sugars Into Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The US Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center: Midwestern Biomass as a Resource for Renewable Fuels

2010

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The Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center is one of three Bioenergy Research Centers establish by the US Department of Energy and the only one based at an academic institution. The Center's mission is to perform basic and applied science to enable economically and environmentally sustainable production of liquid fuels derived from biomass. The research is focused on converting plant biomass into soluble sugars and the sugars into fuels. A large group focused on sustainability informs and guides the applied research to ensure that new technology will provide the required environmental benefits.

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“…Promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy productions are being actively developed to mitigate the net increase of CO 2 emission and reduce the use of fossil fuels as their price rise rapidly and lead to many conflicts of different regions. Electricity can be produced from solar, wind, nuclear, ocean waves, hydroelectric, and biomass 19 . Compared with the current technologies of fuel cell and electric vehicles, biofuels from renewable biomass resources are considered more available to power existing transportation vehicles.…”

Section: Greenhouse Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting Carbon Capture with Oceanic Biomass Production

Wang

2010

Nat Prec

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The climate change believed by anthropogenic emission is not isolated but tightly coupled with other issues including biodiversity loss and ocean acidification etc., and in order to prevent the potential serious impacts, both political and technological methods are being tried for greenhouse mitigation. Dimming the income sunlight by some "geoengineering" approaches currently seem ruinously expensive and technically difficult, and would not prevent the increase of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in atmosphere and ocean acidification, so capturing carbon to reduce the environmental concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and promoting renewable energy development for the reduction of using fossil fuels are very necessary. Biofuels derived from natural and agricultural biomass could be deployed for power production and existing transportation needs. The current economics are more favorable for conversion of edible biomass into biofuels, which could spend plenty of freshwater and farmlands, compete with food supply, and create a "carbon debt" with local ecosystem destruction by deforestation to expand biofuel-crop production. So it is vital to develop processes for converting non-edible feedstock such as lignocellulose and microalgae into biofuels.Compared with lignocellulose, microalgae have higher growth rates, don't need plenteous freshwater for irrigating, and can grow in the conditions that are not favorable for terrestrial biomass growth. The current limitation of microalgal biofuels is the microalgae cultivation cost, and to compensate the high cost of microalgal biofuels, three suggestions are propounded here. (i) Using ships as the platforms of cultivating microalgae, producing biofuels, and transporting feedstock and products on a large scale on subtropical oligotrophic oceans, where the ocean's least productive waters are formed with compared peaceful surface condition and poor marine communities. (ii) Operating different kinds of oceanic biomass productions for high-value products to compensate the cost of microalgal biofuels. Different kinds of microalgae and macroalgae (seaweeds) could be cultivated for biofuels, chemicals, healthy food, and feed for breeding economic marine species to satisfy the accelerating demands for seafood supply and simultaneously mitigate the fast decline of wild stocks. (iii)Constituting financial subsidies to make CO 2 as the feedstock of microalgae cultivation for -1 -Nature Precedings :

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Driving on Biomass

Abstract: Burning biomass to produce electricity for battery-driven vehicles can power more travel and displace more petroleum than converting it to ethanol or other fermentation products.

Cited by 153 publications

References 7 publications

The SUGAR-DEPENDENT1 Lipase Limits Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Vegetative Tissues of Arabidopsis

The SUGAR-DEPENDENT1 Lipase Limits Triacylglycerol Accumulation in Vegetative Tissues of Arabidopsis

The US Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center: Midwestern Biomass as a Resource for Renewable Fuels

Connecting Carbon Capture with Oceanic Biomass Production

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