Driving strategy for minimal energy consumption of an ultra-energy-efficient vehicle in Shell Eco-marathon competition

Gechev, Tsvetomir; Punov, Plamen

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/1002/1/012018

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The aerodynamic drag coefficient C x and the rolling resistance coefficient f 0 were experimentally identified by means of a coastdown test on a proving ground. The obtained coefficients are consistent with those of similar urban concept vehicles competing to the Shell Eco-marathon [15,16,22] reported in Table 2 for comparison purposes. Competition rules impose a minimum driver mass of 70 kg.…”

Section: Vehicle Architecturesupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Lithium-ion batteries are to date considered the most promising solution to power BEVs due to their high energy density, high efficiency and long lifespan [21]. Two 200 W brushed DC motors are connected to the two rear wheels, the overall nominal power of the vehicle is 400 W. In contrast to the extensive use of AC motors in conventional EVs [21], DC motors are generally preferred for such kind of vehicles [16,22], thanks to the low required power and to their simpler construction and control electronics. The transmission is realized by two gear pairs that connect each motor to the rear wheel.…”

Section: Vehicle Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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An Ultra-Efficient Lightweight Electric Vehicle—Power Demand Analysis to Enable Lightweight Construction

et al. 2021

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A detailed analysis of the power demand of an ultraefficient lightweight-battery electric vehicle is performed. The aim is to overcome the problem of lightweight electric vehicles that may have a relatively bad environmental impact if their power demand is not extremely reduced. In particular, electric vehicles have a higher environmental impact during the production phase, which should be balanced by a lower impact during the service life by means of a lightweight design. As an example of an ultraefficient electric vehicle, a prototype for the Shell Eco-marathon competition is considered. A “tank-to-wheel” multiphysics model (thermo-electro-mechanical) of the vehicle was developed in “Matlab-Simscape”. The model includes the battery, the DC motors, the motor controller and the vehicle drag forces. A preliminary model validation was performed by considering experimental data acquisitions completed during the 2019 Shell Eco-marathon European competition at the Brooklands Circuit (UK). Numerical simulations are employed to assess the sharing of the energy consumption among the main dissipation sources. From the analysis, we found that the main sources of mechanical dissipation (i.e., rolling resistance, gravitational/inertial force and aerodynamic drag) have the same role in the defining the power consumption of such kind of vehicles. Moreover, the effect of the main vehicle parameters (i.e., mass, aerodynamic coefficient and tire rolling resistance coefficient) on the energy consumption was analyzed through a sensitivity analysis. Results showed a linear correlation between the variation of the parameters and the power demand, with mass exhibiting the highest influence. The results of this study provide fundamental information to address critical decisions for designing new and more efficient lightweight vehicles, as they allow the designer to clearly identify which are the main parameters to keep under control during the design phase and which are the most promising areas of action.

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Section: Vehicle Architecturesupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Vehicle Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

An Ultra-Efficient Lightweight Electric Vehicle—Power Demand Analysis to Enable Lightweight Construction

et al. 2021

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“…The vehicle model is studied taking into account only the longitudinal vehicle dynamic behavior described in Equations ( 9) and (10). Three different resistive force contributions are considered: the aerodynamic dragging force (F aero ) (11), the climbing force (F climb ) (12), and the rolling resistance force (F roll ) (13).…”

Section: Equation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When using this strategy, it is critical to determine the speed range that best maximizes vehicle efficiency [9]. Gechev et al [10] studied an FC urban concept equipped with an SC. They formalized the Burn and Coast problem and analyzed the influence of the gear ratio and number of DC motors on the overall fuel consumption of the vehicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimal Approach to Energy Management Control of a Fuel-Cell Vehicle

Cerrito,

Canale,

Carello

2024

WEVJ

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This paper presents the design of an energy management control system to improve powertrain efficiency and optimize the amount of fuel used by a hybrid fuel cell vehicle in a route-based scenario. To reach this goal, a complete tank-to-wheel model is developed under the assumption of a known scenario, the speed profile that best minimizes the energy required to complete the test is computed, and a controller able to handle the power request is designed. In particular, a Model Predictive Control architecture is used to split the power request between the primary and the secondary power source (fuel cell and supercapacitors). The effectiveness of the proposed approach is assessed through extensive simulation tests using a realistic model.

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“…In closed loop approaches (Liu et al, 2018;Sawulski and Lawrynczuk, 2019;Briguiet et al, 2020), the controller must be implemented in the vehicle. In open loop approaches (Guzzella, 2007;Targosz et al, 2018;Gechev and Punov, 2020), the driving strategy is calculated on a computer and the pilot is oriented to follow it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Control of Battery Electric Vehicle in Energy Efficiency Competitions

Barbosa¹,

Campos²,

Dutra³

2020

XXVII Congresso Nacional De Estudantes De Engenharia Mecânica

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Resumo. Em competições de eficiência energética, como a Shell Eco-marathon (SEM), os veículos devem consumir a menor quantidade de energia em um trajeto fixo com tempo máximo determinado. Dois dos principais fatores que influenciam o consumo de energia de um veículo são a estratégia de direção e a relação de transmissão. O objeto deste estudo é defini-los de forma a minimizar o consumo de um protótipo elétrico para a SEM Americas 2019. A partir do modelo matemático desenvolvido para a dinâmica do veículo elétrico e das restrições da SEM foi proposto um problema de controle ótimo. Este problema foi solucionado computacionalmente. O consumo simulado para a estratégia ótima foi 3 vezes menor que o consumo na SEM Americas 2019. Sugerimos que o tempo gasto seja o máximo permitido e que o motor seja ligado nos apenas nos trechos de aclive.Palavras chave: Shell Eco-marathon, problema de controle ótimo, estrategia de direção, relação de transmissão.

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Driving strategy for minimal energy consumption of an ultra-energy-efficient vehicle in Shell Eco-marathon competition

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

An Ultra-Efficient Lightweight Electric Vehicle—Power Demand Analysis to Enable Lightweight Construction

An Ultra-Efficient Lightweight Electric Vehicle—Power Demand Analysis to Enable Lightweight Construction

An Optimal Approach to Energy Management Control of a Fuel-Cell Vehicle

Optimal Control of Battery Electric Vehicle in Energy Efficiency Competitions

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