Drug Delivery Using Nanocarriers: Indian Perspective

Pathak

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

et al. 2019

Self Cite

Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynaecological malignancy. It usually occurs in women older than 50 years, and because 75% of cases are diagnosed at stage III or IV it is associated with poor diagnosis. Despite the chemosensitivity of intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the majority of patients is relapsed and eventually dies. In addition to the challenge of early detection, its treatment presents several challenges like the route of administration, resistance to therapy with recurrence and specific targeting of cancer to reduce cytotoxicity and side effects. In ovarian cancer therapy, nanocarriers help overcome problems of poor aqueous solubility of chemotherapeutic drugs and enhance their delivery to the tumour sites either by passive or active targeting, and thus reducing adverse side effects to the healthy tissues. Moreover, the bioavailability to the tumour site is increased by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) mechanism. The present review aims to describe the current conventional treatment with special reference to passively and actively targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) towards specific receptors designed against ovarian cancer to overcome the drawbacks of conventional delivery. Conclusively, targeted nanocarriers would optimise the intra-tumour distribution, followed by drug delivery into the intracellular compartment. These features may contribute to greater therapeutic effect. ARTICLE HISTORY

Section: They Can Damage the Cells Of The Bone Marrow Resulting Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Nanoscale drug delivery strategies for therapy of ovarian cancer: conventional vs targeted

Pathak

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

et al. 2019

Self Cite

“…Drug delivery is the administration of therapeutic compounds to improve specific therapeutic issues within the human body. The technologies related to drug delivery are considerably developed to enhance the therapeutic properties, immunity response, nature of delivered materials [ 1 ], efficiency and safety of the drug to be suitable for certain diseases treatment [ 2 ] and avoiding short falls as low bioavailability [ 3 ], as well as drug decomposition. Due to desired therapeutic characteristics of the delivery system, such as delivering drug to the target tissues in human body without side effects to the other parts of body, a wide area of research that aims to develop the carrier properties to be more applicable for this application has been on the rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the optimum concentration of drug could be maintained by controlling the release rate of drug. To achieve the desired aims, various materials have been extensively tested such as liposomes [ 4 ], dendrimers [ 5 , 6 ], amphiphilic block copolymers [ 7 , 8 ], hydrogels [ 9 , 10 ] and inorganic‐based nanoparticles [ 2 , 11 , 12 ]. Among numerous drug delivery systems, inorganic‐based nanoparticles have demonstrated extraordinary physical and chemical properties, which make them magnificent drug carriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles prepared by different methods for biomedical applications: Comparative study

Ashour

Mabrouk

Soliman

et al. 2021

IET Nanobiotechnology

In the current investigation, mesoporous silica nanoparticles were obtained by various techniques, namely sol-gel (S1), micro-emulsion (S2) and hydrothermal synthesis (S3). The effect of those methods on the final features of the obtained mesoporous silica nanoparticles was studied. The obtained nanoparticles were investigated by TEM, BET surface area, Zetasizer, XRD and FTIR. The preparation method effect was evaluated on the drug release behaviour using doxycycline hyclate as a model drug. In addition, the degree of their compatibility against Saos-2 cell line was also determined. The morphology and microstructure of silica nanoparticles were found to be dependent on the utilised method. Those techniques produced particles with particle sizes of 50, 30-20 and 15 nm and also surface areas of 111.04, 164 and 538.72 m 2 /g, respectively, for S1, S2 and S3. However, different preparation methods showed no remarkable changes for the physical and chemical integrities. The drug release test showed faster release from S2 compared with S1 and S3, which make them more applicable in cases require large doses for short periods. However, the release behaviour of S3 was satisfied for treatments which require long period with relatively highest release rate. The preparation method influenced the cell viability as S1 and S2 showed acceptable cell cytotoxicity compared with S3.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

“…A literature survey reveals that microemulsion research is primarily focused on the physical and chemical properties to date. − Rare reports on microemulsion, which emit fluorescence as fluorophor without any additives, have been published. In order to improve the sensitivity and selectivity of fluorescent microemulsion based assays, to understand the interactions between active biomolecules and fluorescent microemulsion, and to enhance applicability, the properties and sensing mechanism of fluorescent microemulsion need to be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Fluorescent Microemulsion: Probing Properties, Investigating Mechanism, and Unveiling Potential Application

Hou

Dang

Liu

et al. 2017

Nanoscale microemulsions have been utilized as delivery carriers for nutraceuticals and active biological drugs. Herein, we designed and synthesized a novel oil in water (O/W) fluorescent microemulsion based on isoamyl acetate, polyoxyethylene castor oil EL (CrEL), and water. The microemulsion emitted bright blue fluorescence, thus exhibiting its potential for active drug detection with label-free strategy. The microemulsion exhibited excitation-dependent emission and distinct red shift with longer excitation wavelengths. Lifetime and quantum yield of fluorescent microemulsion were 2.831 ns and 5.0%, respectively. An excellent fluorescent stability of the microemulsion was confirmed by altering pH, ionic strength, temperature, and time. Moreover, we proposed a probable mechanism of fluorochromic phenomenon, in connection with the aromatic ring structure of polyoxyethylene ether substituent in CrEL. Based on our findings, we concluded that this new fluorescent microemulsion is a promising drug carrier that can facilitate active drug detection with a label-free strategy. Although further research is required to understand the exact mechanism behind its fluorescence property, this work provided valuable guidance to develop new biosensors based on fluorescent microemulsion.