Dry-Contact Electrode Ear-EEG

Kappel, Simon L.; Rank, Mike Lind; Toft, Hans O.; Andersen, Mikael; Kidmose, Preben

doi:10.1109/tbme.2018.2835778

Cited by 126 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…This result indicates that the drycontact electrode ear-EEG is a viable EEG recording technique. 28 In order to reduce the electrical stimulation to the patient during the use of the dry electrode, CD Solomons constructed an 8 3 8 array of millimeterscale dry electrodes that can be activated as a separate current source or as a large power source. The experimental results show that the stimulation produced by multiple sources is more comfortable than the stimulation produced by a single source, and this sensory difference becomes larger as the intensity level increases.…”

Section: The Dry Electrodementioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of medical imaging sensors

Feng

Wang

Yang

2020

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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This review describes sensor technologies for medical imaging. Medical imaging plays an extremely important role in medical imaging, and sensor technology affects the quality of imaging results. By analyzing the research progress of sensors used in various imaging technologies, the result that sensors applied to medical imaging will gradually achieve mutual coupling between various technologies was summed up, such as the coupling of flexible electrodes and dry electrodes, in ultrasound. Photoacoustic technology and thermoacoustic technology based on technology coupled with other technologies. In addition to the coupling between multiple technologies, sensor technology is also moving toward miniaturization, intelligence, and netting.

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Section: The Dry Electrodementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(c) Cross-sectional sketch of the dry-contact IrO 2 electrode design. (d) Microscope picture of the designed electrode 28.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of medical imaging sensors

Feng

Wang

Yang

2020

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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“…To check the functionality, the Berger effect was measured in a shielded EEG laboratory without external disturbances, where the test person kept the eyes open and closed for 30 seconds each. A successful differentiation of the frequency spectra in the alpha band [8][9][10][11][12] was possible with both materials, whereas conductive gel had to be used with silver/silver-chloride electrodes while measurements with the porous platinum electrodes were conducted in dry condition. Furthermore, for the measurements with the silver electrodes, the low mastoid on the same side of the head was used as a reference.…”

Section: Eeg Measurmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this approach, several electrodes are realized on an earplug and conduct the electrical cortical signal in the auditory canal and the auricle. Concepts range from flexible silicone plugs with conductive silicones or coatings [8][9][10] to hard shells that are adapted to the respective ears with individually attached electrodes that have been cut out or metal pastes that have been applied manually [2,12]. Especially, porous silver chloride is often used, which degrades over time, and conductive gel [11] must be used for acceptable measurements, which excludes long-term measurements, as this dries out over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To enable dry electrode measurements without additional gels, the active electrode surfaces are enlarged by i.e. iridium oxide and Poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene)-PEDOT depositions or needle like structures [10,[13][14][15][16]. The long-term stability and the manual character of the production as well as the undefined electrode sizes and surfaces are thus the limiting factors for the accurate and reliable production and design of the ear electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Porous Platinum Electrodes for Dry Ear-EEG Measurements

Eickenscheidt

Schäfer

Baslan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The interest in dry EEG electrodes has increased in recent years and especially as everyday suitability earplugs for measuring drowsiness or focus of auditory attention. However, the challenge is still the need for a good electrode material, which is reliable and can be easily processed for highly personalized applications. Laser processing as used here is a fast and very precise method to produce personalized electrode configurations that meet the high requirements of in-ear EEG electrodes, for example. The arrangement of the electrodes on the very flexible and compressible mats allows an exact alignment of the electrodes to the ear mold and contributes to a high wearing comfort, as no edges or metal protrusions are present. For better transmission properties, an adapted coating process for surface enlargement of platinum electrodes is used, which allows easy control of the thickness and growth form of the porous layer. The porous platinum-copper alloy is chemically very stable, shows no exposed copper residues and enlarges the effective surface area by 40. In a proof-of-principle experiment, these porous platinum electrodes could be used to measure the Berger effect in a dry state using just one ear of a test person. Their signal-to-noise ration and frequency transfer function is comparable to gel-based silver/silver chloride electrodes.

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Multi‐Electrode Printed Bioelectronic Patches for Long‐Term Electrophysiological Monitoring

Carneiro

Majidi

Tavakoli

2022

Adv Funct Materials

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A novel architecture of materials and fabrication techniques is proposed that serves as a universal method for implementation of thin-film biostickers for high resolution electrophysiological monitoring. Unlike the existing wearable patches, the presented solution can be worn for several days, and is not affected by daily routines such as physical exercise or taking bath. A printable biphasic liquid metal silver composite is used, both as the electrical interconnects and the electrodes. This allows combining advantages of dry electrodes, i.e., printability and non-smearing behavior, with benefits of wet electrodes, i.e., high-quality signal. A human subject study showed that these biphasic printed electrodes benefit from a lower electrode-skin impedance compared to clinical grade Ag/AgCl electrodes. Digital printing enables autonomous fabrication of biostickers that are taylor-made for each user and each application. A universal miniaturized electronic system for biopotential acquisition and wireless communication is develpoed, and demonstrated multiple biopotential acquisition cases, including electrocardiography, electroencephalography, electromyography, and electrooculography.

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Dry-Contact Electrode Ear-EEG

Abstract: The prototyped dry-contact ear-EEG platform represents an important technological advancement of the method in terms of user-friendliness because it eliminates the need for gel in the electrode-skin interface.

Cited by 126 publications

References 28 publications

Development of medical imaging sensors

Development of medical imaging sensors

Highly Porous Platinum Electrodes for Dry Ear-EEG Measurements

Multi‐Electrode Printed Bioelectronic Patches for Long‐Term Electrophysiological Monitoring

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