Durability and reliability of electric vehicle batteries under electric utility grid operations: Bidirectional charging impact analysis

Dubarry, Matthieu; Devie, Arnaud; McKenzie, Katherine

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.015

Cited by 138 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Researchers have reported statistical studies on 12 [14], 50 [5,15,16], 100 [17][18][19][20], and 1000 [8][9][10]21] cells. All of these studies determined that cells within a batch are different and that these differences need to be quantified and taken into consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic Variability in the Degradation of a Batch of Commercial 18650 Lithium-Ion Cells

2018

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Abstract:The use of lithium batteries for power and energy-hungry applications has risen drastically in recent years. For such applications, it is necessary to connect the batteries in large assemblies of cells in series and parallel. With a large number of cells operating together, it is necessary to understand their intrinsic variabilities, not only at the initial stage but also upon aging. In this study, we studied a batch of commercial cells to address their initial cell-to-cell variations and also the variations induced by cycling. To do so, we not only tracked several metrics associated with cell performance, the maximum capacity, the resistance, and the rate capability but also the degradation mechanism via a non-invasive quantification of the loss of lithium inventory (LLI), the loss of active material (LAM) and the kinetic degradation on both electrodes. We found that, even with small initial cell-to-cell variations, significant variations will be observed upon aging because the cells degrade at a different pace. We also observed that these variations were not correlated with the initial variations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic Variability in the Degradation of a Batch of Commercial 18650 Lithium-Ion Cells

2018

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“…There are different types of DoE, with a variety of focuses and applications [1,[4][5][6][7]13]. In this paper, focus was set on a complex mixture design, illustrated by the formulation of a Li-ion composite electrode.…”

Section: Methodology Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designs of Experiments for Beginners—A Quick Start Guide for Application to Electrode Formulation

et al. 2019

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In this paper, we will describe in detail the setting up of a Design of Experiments (DoE) applied to the formulation of electrodes for Li-ion batteries. We will show that, with software guidance, Designs of Experiments are simple yet extremely useful statistical tools to set up and embrace. An Optimal Combined Design was used to identify influential factors and pinpoint the optimal formulation, according to the projected use. Our methodology follows an eight-step workflow adapted from the literature. Once the study objectives are clearly identified, it is necessary to consider the time, cost, and complexity of an experiment before choosing the responses that best describe the system, as well as the factors to vary. By strategically selecting the mixtures to be characterized, it is possible to minimize the number of experiments, and obtain a statistically relevant empirical equation which links responses and design factors.

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“…The impact on EV batteries in the vehicle-to-grid strategy has not been investigated deeply. M Dubarry et al conducted a study to understand the impact of two-way charging on Lithium-ion batteries in EVs [156].…”

Section: The Challenges Of Charging Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technology Development of Electric Vehicles: A Review

et al. 2019

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To reduce the dependence on oil and environmental pollution, the development of electric vehicles has been accelerated in many countries. The implementation of EVs, especially battery electric vehicles, is considered a solution to the energy crisis and environmental issues. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the technical development of EVs and emerging technologies for their future application. Key technologies regarding batteries, charging technology, electric motors and control, and charging infrastructure of EVs are summarized. This paper also highlights the technical challenges and emerging technologies for the improvement of efficiency, reliability, and safety of EVs in the coming stages as another contribution.

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Durability and reliability of electric vehicle batteries under electric utility grid operations: Bidirectional charging impact analysis

Cited by 138 publications

References 49 publications

Intrinsic Variability in the Degradation of a Batch of Commercial 18650 Lithium-Ion Cells

Intrinsic Variability in the Degradation of a Batch of Commercial 18650 Lithium-Ion Cells

Designs of Experiments for Beginners—A Quick Start Guide for Application to Electrode Formulation

Technology Development of Electric Vehicles: A Review

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