Durability study and lifetime prediction of baseline proton exchange membrane fuel cell under severe operating conditions

Marrony, Mathieu; Barrera, Regina; Quenet, S.; Ginocchio, S.; Montelatici, L.; Aslanides, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.02.096

Cited by 96 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In addition, evaluations of the durability involve difficult and time-consuming process. The in situ acceleration lifetime test (ALT) has been shown to be a reliable method to predict the durability of PEMs effectively during the actual operating conditions of a fuel cell over time [117][118][119]. In this study, more severe operating conditions of the dynamic mode (load changing test cycle) were employed to accelerate the degradation of the membrane by 30 times compared to normal fuel cell operating conditions.…”

Section: Fuel Cell Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, more severe operating conditions of the dynamic mode (load changing test cycle) were employed to accelerate the degradation of the membrane by 30 times compared to normal fuel cell operating conditions. The attenuation of the OCV below 0.9 V implies the evolution of the microstructure of the membrane; this was considered to be an ALT screening criterion before the failure of the membranes caused by mechanical damage, such as membrane thinning or pinhole formation [117]. The ALT measurements remained persistently above 600 h for the PBOA-co-PBI (or ABPBI)-65 membranes.…”

Section: Fuel Cell Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Synthesis of Cross-Linked Copolymer Membranes Based on Poly(benzoxazine) and Polybenzimidazole and Their Application to an Electrolyte Membrane for a High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cell

et al. 2013

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Elevated-temperature (100~200 °C) polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells have many features, such as their high efficiency and simple system design, that make them ideal for residential micro-combined heat and power systems and as a power source for fuel cell electric vehicles. A proton-conducting solid-electrolyte membrane having high conductivity and durability at elevated temperatures is essential, and phosphoric-acid-containing polymeric material synthesized from cross-linked polybenzoxazine has demonstrated feasible characteristics. This paper reviews the design rules, synthesis schemes, and characteristics of this unique polymeric material. Additionally, a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) utilizing this polymer membrane is evaluated in terms of its power density and lifecycle by an in situ accelerated lifetime test. This paper also covers an in-depth discussion ranging from the polymer material design to the cell performance in consideration of commercialization requirements. OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2013, 5 78

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Section: Fuel Cell Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuel Cell Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Synthesis of Cross-Linked Copolymer Membranes Based on Poly(benzoxazine) and Polybenzimidazole and Their Application to an Electrolyte Membrane for a High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cell

et al. 2013

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“…The reason for the longer life period in this case is attributed to the fact that the fuel cell load is more stable than under transport conditions. The rapid change in fuel cell load, usually referred to as dynamic load cycling, affects significantly the degradation rate [26] and the lifetime expectancy of the cell [27]. Potential load cycling can severely affect the mechanical and chemical properties of the catalyst and its carbon support leading to an early cell failure [28].…”

Section: Technology Development Organisation (Nedo) and The Europeanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation aspects of water formation and transport in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: A review

Ous

Arcoumanis

2013

Journal of Power Sources

137

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link AbstractThis review paper summarises the key aspects of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) degradation that are associated with water formation, retention, accumulation, and transport mechanisms within the cell. Issues related to loss of active surface area of the catalyst, ionomer dissolution, membrane swelling, ice formation, corrosion, and contamination are also addressed and discussed. The impact of each of these water mechanisms on cell performance and durability was found to be different and to vary according to the design of the cell and its operating conditions. For example, the presence of liquid water within Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), as a result of water accumulation, can be detrimental if the operating temperature of the cell drops to sub-freezing.The volume expansion of liquid water due to ice formation can damage the morphology of different parts of the cell and may shorten its life-time. This can be more serious, for example, during the water transport mechanism where migration of Pt particles from the catalyst may take place after detachment from the carbon support. Furthermore, the effect of transport mechanism could be augmented if humid reactant gases containing impurities poison the membrane, leading to the same outcome as water retention or accumulation.Overall, the impact of water mechanisms can be classified as aging or catastrophic. Aging has a longterm impact over the duration of the PEMFC life-time whereas in the catastrophic mechanism the impact is immediate. The conversion of cell residual water into ice at sub-freezing temperatures by the water retention/ accumulation mechanism and the access of poisoning contaminants through the water transport mechanism are considered to fall into the catastrophic category. The effect of water mechanisms on PEMFC degradation can be reduced or even eliminated by (a) using advanced materials for improving the electrical, chemical and mechanical stability of the cell components against deterioration, and (b) implementing effective strategies for water management in the cell.

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“…[92] ChemSusChem [71,72] Also, there was some pinhole formation in the membrane after the durability test. [2] In addition, the dependence of the mechanical properties on the membrane temperature and hydration may negatively affect the long-term stability of fuel cells. Variations in temperature and humidity during operation can cause cyclic stresses and strains in the membrane and membrane-electrode assembly (MEA).…”

Section: Oxidative Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the detailed requirements for combined heat and power (CHP) systems and transportation applications (cars) are lifetimes of at least about 40 000 and approximately 6000 h, respectively. [2] Nafion, which is a perfluorinated polymer with sulfonic acid terminated side chains, has been widely used as a PEM in PEMFCs because of its high proton conductivity and excellent chemical and thermal stability. Therefore, it can exhibit good endurance even under the rigorous operation conditions of PEMFCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Sulfonated Aromatic Polymers for Proton‐Exchange‐Membrane Fuel Cells

2011

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As a key component of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), proton-exchange membranes (PEMs) must continuously withstand very harsh environments during long-term fuel cell operations. With the coming commercialization of PEMFCs, investigations into the durability and degradation of PEMs are becoming more and more urgent and interesting. Herein, various recent attempts and achievements to improve the durability of sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAPs) are reviewed and some further developments are predicted. Extensive investigations into inexpensive SAPs as alternative electrolyte membranes include modification of available polymer materials; design, synthesis, and optimization of new macromolecules; durability testing; and exploring the degradation mechanisms.

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Durability study and lifetime prediction of baseline proton exchange membrane fuel cell under severe operating conditions

Cited by 96 publications

References 18 publications

Design and Synthesis of Cross-Linked Copolymer Membranes Based on Poly(benzoxazine) and Polybenzimidazole and Their Application to an Electrolyte Membrane for a High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cell

Design and Synthesis of Cross-Linked Copolymer Membranes Based on Poly(benzoxazine) and Polybenzimidazole and Their Application to an Electrolyte Membrane for a High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cell

Degradation aspects of water formation and transport in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: A review

Durability of Sulfonated Aromatic Polymers for Proton‐Exchange‐Membrane Fuel Cells

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