Durable nanocomposite face masks with high particulate filtration and rapid inactivation of coronaviruses

Gonzalez, Andrew; Aboubakr, Hamada A.; Brockgreitens, John; Hao, Weixing; Goyal, Sagar M.; Abbas, Abdennour

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03771-1

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This method’s efficacy was previously demonstrated for environmental remediation using polyurethane foam, and polypropylene, polycotton and nylon cotton fabrics for their antiviral properties 27 – 30 . Figure 2 shows SEM images of nanocomposite polyurethane, nylon and polyester materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Specifically, the above chosen set of fabrics are commonly used in the consumer apparel and textile industry and incorporating antimicrobial activity in them would be beneficial. The synthesis of zinc nanocomposite textiles was based on a previously developed method 30 . Briefly, the fabrics were initially submerged in precursor ionic solutions of zinc salt for 30 min at room temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly efficient and durable antimicrobial nanocomposite textiles

Novi

Gonzalez²,

Brockgreitens³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Healthcare associated infections cause millions of hospitalizations and cost billions of dollars every year. A potential solution to address this problem is to develop antimicrobial textile for healthcare fabrics (hospital bedding, gowns, lab coats, etc.). Metal nanoparticle-coated textile has been proven to possess antimicrobial properties but have not been adopted by healthcare facilities due to risks of leaching and subsequent loss of function, toxicity, and environmental pollution. This work presents the development and testing of antimicrobial zinc nanocomposite textiles, fabricated using a novel Crescoating process. In this process, zinc nanoparticles are grown in situ within the bulk of different natural and synthetic fabrics to form safe and durable nanocomposites. The zinc nanocomposite textiles show unprecedented microbial reduction of 99.99% (4 log10) to 99.9999% (6 log10) within 24 h on the most common Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungal pathogens. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity remains intact even after 100 laundry cycles, demonstrating the high longevity and durability of the textile. Independent dermatological evaluation confirmed that the novel textile is non-irritating and hypoallergenic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient and durable antimicrobial nanocomposite textiles

Novi

Gonzalez²,

Brockgreitens³

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Fabrics containing Zn and ZnO can inactivate coronaviruses. This is consistent with the observations that Bloch and Sonomasks reduce the infectivity of ϕ6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Method to Quantify the Antiviral Potential of Porous and Nonporous Material Using the Enveloped Bacteriophage Phi6

Reiss

Makhnin

Lowe

2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The pandemic revealed significant gaps in our understanding of the antiviral potential of porous textiles used for personal protective equipment and nonporous touch surfaces. What is the fate of a microbe when it encounters an abiotic surface? How can we change the microenvironment of materials to improve antimicrobial properties? Filling these gaps requires increasing data generation throughput. A method to accomplish this leverages the use of the enveloped bacteriophage ϕ6, an adjustable spacing multichannel pipette, and the statistical design opportunities inherent in the ordered array of the 24-well culture plate format, resulting in a semi-automated small drop assay. For 100 mm2 nonporous coupons of Cu and Zn, the reduction in ϕ6 infectivity fits first-order kinetics, resulting in half-lives (T 50) of 4.2 ± 0.1 and 29.4 ± 1.6 min, respectively. In contrast, exposure to stainless steel has no significant effect on infectivity. For porous textiles, differences associated with composition, color, and surface treatment of samples are detected within 5 min of exposure. Half-lives for differently dyed Zn-containing fabrics from commercially available masks ranged from 2.1 ± 0.05 to 9.4 ± 0.2 min. A path toward full automation and the application of machine learning techniques to guide combinatorial material engineering is presented.

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“…In the case of respiratory viruses, the majority of the studies are focused on coating facemasks. The coatings in the literature are diverse and go from soaking the substrates in the solution [ 26 , 27 , 28 ] or synthesizing the nanoparticles in the substrate [ 29 , 30 ] to producing nanofibers from the nanoparticles [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. However, these are all two-step processes that result, as already stated, in nanoparticles with a modified surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Silver Nanoparticles Deposited in Facemask Material for Neutralising Viruses

et al. 2022

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Cloth used for facemask material has been coated with silver nanoparticles using an aerosol method that passes pure uncoated nanoparticles through the cloth and deposits them throughout the volume. The particles have been characterized by electron microscopy and have a typical diameter of 4 nm with the atomic structure of pure metallic silver presented as an assortment of single crystals and polycrystals. The particles adhere well to the cloth fibers, and the coating consists of individual nanoparticles at low deposition times, evolving to fully agglomerated assemblies in heavy coatings. The cloth was exposed to Usutu virus and murine norovirus particles in suspension and allowed to dry, following which, the infectious virus particles were rescued by soaking the cloth in culture media. It was found that up to 98% of the virus particles were neutralized by this contact with the silver nanoparticles for optimum deposition conditions. The best performance was obtained with agglomerated films and with polycrystalline nanoparticles. The work indicates that silver nanoparticles embedded in masks can neutralize the majority of virus particles that enter the mask and thus increase the opacity of masks to infectious viruses by up to a factor of 50. In addition, the majority of the virus particles released from the mask after use are non-infectious.

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Durable nanocomposite face masks with high particulate filtration and rapid inactivation of coronaviruses

Cited by 29 publications

References 39 publications

Highly efficient and durable antimicrobial nanocomposite textiles

Highly efficient and durable antimicrobial nanocomposite textiles

Rapid Method to Quantify the Antiviral Potential of Porous and Nonporous Material Using the Enveloped Bacteriophage Phi6

Effectiveness of Silver Nanoparticles Deposited in Facemask Material for Neutralising Viruses

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