DWT-based blind and robust watermarking using SPIHT algorithm with applications in tele-medicine

Concurrency and Computation

et al. 2021

Summary Due to the remarkable development of Internet technologies, a great deal of valuable digital data is now transmitted over public networks. To guarantee the security of this data during the transfer process, the authentication of its integrity is extremely important. This paper introduces a robust and secure dual‐watermarking‐based fusion of watermarking, optimization, and a compression method utilizing non‐sub‐sampled contourlet transform (NSCT), redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT), and singular value decomposition (SVD). In our method, we first apply the NSCT to a higher entropy sub‐band of the host image. Then, our method uses RDWT‐SVD on higher frequency coefficients of the NSCT image. A similar procedure is followed for both mark images. Finally, an appropriate scaling factor, as obtained by fuzzy inference system, is used to invisibly embed the singular values of both mark data into the host image. Here, any more important mark data are scrambled before the embedding process. The simulation tests reveal that the proposed technique is not only imperceptible and secure but also robust against common attacks. The suggested method has a superior ability to extract hidden information than previous conventional techniques.

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy‐based secure exchange of digital data using watermarking in NSCT‐RDWT‐SVD domain

Concurrency and Computation

et al. 2021

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

“…Meenpal 24 developed a watermarking algorithm using significant wavelet coefficients which are evaluated using SPIHT algorithm. Embedding locations are also permuted to ensure security.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Secured and Robust Medical Image Watermarking Approach for Protecting Integrity of Medical Images

Khare

Srivastava

2020

In this paper, a novel medical image watermarking (MIW) technique for tele ‐ medicine applications is proposed. In this approach homomorphic transform (HT), redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) transforms are successfully utilized for developing an effective watermarking technique. Reflectance component of medical host image is obtained using HT, on which RDWT decomposition and SVD are applied. Similarly medical watermark image is processed with RDWT and SVD. Singular values (Svs) were used for embedding the watermark image into host image. 2‐D chaotic Arnold transform (AT) is used for providing extra security to the watermark image by encrypting the watermarked image. Moreover, proposed technique is also tested for several wavelet families. Robustness and imperceptibility of the proposed technique is enhanced as depicted in experimental results under various attacks. Furthermore, better robustness is attained from proposed technique on comparing it with other formerly reported schemes.

“…Proposed scheme offers better capture quality and tamper resistance. Meenpal has discussed about DWT‐based robust and blind watermarking technique. Embedding of watermark is performed by using appropriate coefficients detected by SPIHT technique.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPIHT‐based multiple image watermarking in NSCT domain

Concurrency and Computation

et al. 2018

Image watermarking in wavelet domain is a challenging problem as it includes a proper selection of wavelet transforms as well as sub-bands for accurate embedding and recovery of watermarks.However, selection of a suitable wavelet transform for multiple image watermarking is an area of great interest. Therefore, in this work, a multiple watermarking technique using combination of redundant discrete wavelet transforms (RDWT), non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT), set partitioning in hierarchical tree (SPIHT), and singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed. The proposed scheme is aimed to achieve high capacity, robustness, and imperceptibility. The security aspect of the proposed method is enhanced by using Arnold transform. Since RDWT and NSCT are both shift invariant in nature, therefore they are suitable for multiple image watermarking. Furthermore, the proposed method provides flexibility in selection of appropriate sub-bands for watermark embedding and recovery. Experimental results and analysis reveals that the proposed technique gives maximum PSNR, NC, and SSIM value up to 40.97 dB, 1, and 0.9994, respectively. Furthermore, the performance estimation of our technique is found superior to previously reported techniques under consideration. KEYWORDSArnold transform, non-sub sampled contourlet transform, RDWT, SPIHT, SVD INTRODUCTIONRecently, secure transmission of digital data over open/public networks is one of potential challenges. 1 Therefore, there is a great requirement to secure the data transmission over networks. Digital image watermarking is one of promising method for protecting digital data and is widely used for copyright protection and secure communication. 2-4 Image watermarking provides secure transmission of digital data by embedding it into the cover image for content authentications, copyright protection, 5 etc.Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) has been widely used for image watermarking. 6 However, the major drawbacks associated with the DWT are its shift sensitivity and poor directionality that can be avoided by using redundant wavelet transforms. 7 The existing literatures over image watermarking clearly states that the redundant wavelet transforms are suitable for single and multiple images watermarking 7-10 as these transforms do not use down sampling operation in implementation. Thus, no data/information loss occurs during forward and inverse transformation. Furthermore, redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT) 11 and non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) 12 are shift invariant. This property enables us to have better reconstruction of images and found useful in many image processing applications. Furthermore, NSCT provides rich directional information, which can be used in embedding single as well as multiple watermarks after forward transformation. 12 It is evident that the performance of combined transform domain techniques (two or more than two) is better than individual one. 7 Thus, being motivated by above facts, an image watermarking technique in NSCT domain using...