Dye removal by biosorption using cross-linked chitosan-based hydrogels

Abstract

Synthetic dyes are an important class of recalcitrant organic compounds that are often found in the environment as a result of their wide industrial use. There are estimated to be more than 100,000 commercially available dyes. These substances are common contaminants, and many of them are known to be toxic or carcinogenic. Colored effluents from the industry is perceived by the public as an indication of the presence of a dangerous pollution. Even at very low concentrations, dyes are highly visible-an esthetic pollution-and modify the aquatic life and food chain, as a chemical contamination. Dye contamination of water is a major problem worldwide, and the treatment of wastewaters before their discharge into the environment has become a priority. Dyes are difficult to treat due to their complex aromatic structure and synthetic origin. In general, a combination of different physical, chemical and biological processes is often used to obtain the targeted water quality. Nonetheless, there is a need to develop new removal strategies and decolorization methods that are more effective, acceptable for industrial use and ecofriendly. Currently, there is increasing interest in the application of biological materials as effective adsorbents for dye removal. Among all the materials proposed, cross-linked chitosan-based hydrogels are the most popular biosorbents. These polymeric matrices are the object of numerous fundamental studies. In this review, after a brief description of the use of chitosan in wastewater treatment and the basic principles of chitosan-based hydrogels and biosorption, we focus on some of the work published over the past 5 years. Overall, these polymeric materials have demonstrated outstanding removal capabilities for some dyes. They might be promising biosorbents for environmental purposes.

Polymeric composite materials for radiation shielding: a review

“…There are several methods for the calculation of fast neutron removal cross section of materials. The conventional method for the quantitative determination of (Σ R ) (cm −1 ) for fast neutrons is based on manual calculations and is applied for several materials and composites (Glasstone and Sesonske 2012). The values obtained manually for fast neutron removal cross section are in good agreement (within about 10%) with values determined experimentally (El-Khayatt 2010).…”

Binary Pectin-Chitosan Composites for the Uptake of Lanthanum and Yttrium Species in Aqueous Media

“…As noted above, several types of binary Pectin-Chitosan adsorbent materials were prepared herein according to variable synthetic conditions using adapted methods that are reported elsewhere [ 10 ]. The characterization of the materials and selected physicochemical properties rely on various complementary methods: FTIR/ 13 C solid-state NMR spectroscopy, TGA, zeta potential, and the adsorption properties in aqueous media toward La (III) and Y (III) ions.…”

“…However, there are environmental concerns related to production of these resins from petroleum-based products [ 3 , 8 , 9 ]. By contrast, the utilization of sustainable adsorbents from natural materials [ 10 , 11 , 12 ] offer an alternative to conventional synthetic resins.…”

Green polymeric nanomaterials for the photocatalytic degradation of dyes: a review

“…Chitosan, starch, dextran and cellulose are polysaccharides derived from plants and microbial biofilms, and these biopolymers are common for nanomaterial synthesis (Banerjee and Bandopadhyay 2016;Farshchi et al 2019;Kolangare et al 2019). In particular, chitosan has been used for dye removal and wastewater treatment (Crini et al 2019b;Lichtfouse et al 2019).…”